Kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka, zazikhangeleka njengamadibi odaka, iindawo zokutyibiliza, okanye izitya zothuli. Kodwa njengokuba iimali ezinkulu zingena ebholeni, iibala ezicocekileyo ziye zabaluleka kumfanekiso womdlalo-Star Gardeners
Ukuzingela ngokungekho mthethweni kweReal Madrid uPaul Burgess waseArsenal ngo-2009 yayilixesha elibalulekileyo kwingcaphephe yebhola ekhatywayo yamaNgesi. Emva kokuqala umsebenzi wakhe kwi-Blackpool Football Club, uBurgess wathuthela kwiqela elisenyakatho yeLondon ngo-1999, wenza uphawu lwakhe kwiminyaka eyi-21. Wazihlukanisa kwinqanaba laseYurophu ngexesha lephulo le-Arsenal ye-Champions League ekuqaleni kwe-2000 kwaye wafumana amanqaku kwi-Euro 2004 Photshugo. Kwiminyaka emine kamva, waphinda wazibalula kwi-European Championships. Kungekudala emva koko, ukutshintshwa okuchukumisayo kwenziwa yiklabhu ehloniphekileyo kwibhola yehlabathi, i-Real Madrid.
Ukuba awuyikhumbuli, kwakungengenxa yokuba uBurgess wasilela eMadrid. Oku kungenxa yokuba ungumgcini oyintloko weArsenal. Inyathelo likaBurgess yaba sisiqalo sokubaleka kwetalente yaseBritane kwiYurophu iphela. Abachasi bokwenyani be-Atlético bajika uDan Gonzalez, owayechukumisekile ngumsebenzi wakhe eBournemouth. UTony Stones, owaqala ukujongana nebhola ebhola ekhatywayo eBarnsley kwaye emva koko waba nguMgcini Omkhulu weGrounds eWembley, watyikitywa ukuba ajonge iStade de France, ibala lesizwe laseFrance. Ngeli xesha, iFIFA yatyikitya u-Alan Ferguson, waseScot ophumelele amabhaso asixhenxe eBala loMntu woNyaka kwiisizini ezili-12 e-Ipswich Town, njengomphathi wabo wokuqala ophambili ngaphakathi.
Utyikityo oluphawuleka kakhulu nguJonathan Calderwood, owajoyina iParis Saint-Germain esuka e-Aston Villa ngo-2013. Umntu waseNyakatho wase-Ireland uphumelele uMdlali woNyaka webala kabini, kwaye uGerard Houllier, umphathi weLiverpool kunye noLyon, wamthiya njengomdlali obalaseleyo kwi-stadium. ihlabathi. kunye neevillas. Inyathelo liza njengoko umphathi omtsha we-Qatari waseParis Saint-Germain utyala imali engamakhulu ezigidi zeedola ukuzisa abadlali ababalaseleyo behlabathi, kubandakanya uZlatan Ibrahimovic kunye noDavid Beckham. Ngexesha lencoko yethu yamva nje, uCalderwood uthe umzuzu wokuhamba kwakhe awuzange wenzeke.
“Babenoludwe lwabantu bonzakele ezingalweni,” ukhumbula oko. Ukutya okuzinze ngakumbi kuya kuqalisa ukulungisa oku. Kodwa bekukho nesizathu esichubekileyo sokutyikitywa kukaCalderwood: ngaphambi kokuba afike, ibala lalicotha kakhulu, lishukuma kakhulu, lingalindelekanga, kwaye nokuthetha ngohlobo lokudlula ngokukhawuleza oludlalwa ngamaqela amaninzi aseYurophu. “Abanikazi babonile ukuba oku bekungekokuthenga abadlali abali-11 abakumgangatho wehlabathi,” utshilo uCalderwood. “Badinga into emva kwabo ukuze basebenze. Enye yezinto eziphambili yintsimi.”
Ukusukela ekufikeni kwakhe, iParis Saint-Germain iphumelele izihloko ezithandathu zeLigue 1 kwiisizini ezisibhozo kwaye, okokugqibela kodwa kuncinci, kwimbono kaCalderwood, ube ngumdlali weLigue 1 woNyaka izihlandlo ezithandathu. Imbasa yeBala eliGqwesileyo. Emva kokuphumelela iligi ngo-2014, owayengumphathi ngelo xesha uLaurent Blanc wathi amanqaku eklabhu ali-16 eCalderwood njengoko ibala lalivumela iqela ukuba lenze uhlaselo. Iklabhu yabonisa ngayo kwiibhodi zezaziso kwaye yavela kwiintengiso kumabonakude wesizwe. UZlatan Ibrahimovic, owayesakuba ngumdlali weklabhu, eqhula wakhalaza ukuba uCalderwood wafumana ingqalelo yemithombo yeendaba ngakumbi kunaye.
I-UK yimveliso yeetalente ezizodwa xa kuziwa kulawulo lwebala lezemidlalo. “Siphambi kweminyaka eli-10 kuyo nayiphi na enye indawo emhlabeni,” uRichard Hayden, umbhali we-FIFA's Official Stadium Handbook, wandixelela. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenza kwitekhnoloji, ungaya eSilicon Valley. Ewe, i-UK yeyona ndawo yokwenyani yaseSilicon Valley!
Icandelo lolawulo lomhlaba lase-UK lilodwa lixabisa i-£ 1bn, liqeshe abantu abangaphezu kwe-27,000 kwaye lineengcali kwiinkalo zonke, ukusuka kwii-hobbyists zembewu ezinokukhula imifuno ekhula emthunzini kwizazinzulu eziphuhlisa izinto zekhemikhali ukwenza ingca ibe luhlaza. E-West Yorkshire, i-Sports Turf Research Institute yindawo yamandla ye-R&D, ifunda yonke into ukusuka kwindlela amanzi adlula ngokukhawuleza ngayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zesanti ukuya kwindlela ukucoleka kwesiqu sengca okukuchaphazela ngayo ukuqengqeleka kwebhola yegalufa. E-West Yorkshire, i-Sports Turf Research Institute yindawo yamandla ye-R&D, ifunda yonke into ukusuka kwindlela amanzi adlula ngokukhawuleza ngayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zesanti ukuya kwindlela ukucoleka kwesiqu sengca okukuchaphazela ngayo ukuqengqeleka kwebhola yegalufa.EWest Yorkshire, iSports Turf Research Institute liziko lophando kunye neziko lophuhliso elifunda yonke into ukusuka kwindlela amanzi ahamba ngokukhawuleza ngayo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zesanti ukuya kwindlela ubungakanani besiqu sengca obuchaphazela ngayo i-spin yebhola yegalufa.EWest Yorkshire, iSports Turf Institute liziko lophando kunye nophuhliso elifunda yonke into ukusuka kwisantya samanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesanti ukuya kwindlela ukubhitya kweendiza zengca okuchaphazela ngayo ukujikeleza kwebhola yegalufa. Ngokumalunga ne-hardware, i-UK nayo ayinalo ukhuphiswano. UBernhard eWarwickhire wenza ezinye zezona nkqubo zibalaseleyo zokulola umtshini ehlabathini, i-Allett e-Staffordshire ibonelela ngezixhobo zokucheba ezikumgangatho ophezulu, njengoko esenza uDennis eDerbyshire. IDennis lawnmowers isetyenziswa ukusuka eWimbledon ukuya eCamp Nou eBarcelona naseOld Trafford eManchester United. ICalderwood ikwasebenzisa kwiPSG.
Iindlela zokukhathalela ingca eziphuhliswe e-UK zisetyenziswe kwintenetya, igalufa, umbhoxo kwaye phantse yonke imidlalo yobuchwephesha edlalwa engceni. Kodwa yayiyibhola ekhatywayo, ngobutyebi bayo obuninzi kunye nesiseko sabalandeli behlabathi, eyakhokelela kolu revolution. Akukho mgcini-gadi oya kuthi umsebenzi wakhe sesona sizathu siphambili sempumelelo yeqela, kodwa njengokuba iindadi zeOlimpiki zingakhuphisani ngeebhulukhwe ezimfutshane zaselwandle kwaye abakhweli beebhayisikile abaziingcali bachebe imilenze yabo, awona maqela ebhola ekhatywayo athe phithi zizinto ezincinci ezinokuthi zikwazi umahluko. phakathi koloyiso okanye uloyiso. lahlekelwa. Xa u-Guardiola efika kwisiXeko kwi-2016, wayefuna ukuba utshani bunqunywe kwi-19mm nje, njengoko kwakunjalo kwiiklabhu zangaphambili zeBarcelona neBayern. (Ekugqibeleni kwafuneka akhethe i-23mm njengoko ingca emfutshane yayithandeka ngakumbi ukunxiba kwaye imozulu ebandayo yaseManchester yayithetha ukuba ayinakubuyela ngokukhawuleza.) Ngokufanayo, emva kwexesha le-2016 / 17, umphathi weLiverpool uJurgen Klopp uxelele umphathi webala lezemidlalo uMntu: I-pitch at I-Anfield icotha kakhulu. Abasebenzi bakhe ibala kwakhona ehlotyeni kwaye iLiverpool ayibethwanga ekhaya kwiligi kwisizini yonke ezayo.
Ukusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, uphuculo olukhulu kwibala lokudlala luyitshintshile indlela odlalwa ngayo. “KwiArsenal sihlala sinebala lemidlalo elikumgangatho wokuqala, kodwa kwimidlalo engaphandle lihlala lingcono kwaye lingcono,” utshilo umphathi wangaphambili u-Arsene Wenger nge-imeyile. “Kunceda kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho womdlalo, ngakumbi isantya somdlalo.”
Umgangatho webala ubaluleke kakhulu kwiiklabhu ezingcono kakhulu ezifuna ukwandisa iitalente zabadlali babo abanesiphiwo sobugcisa. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukukhonza kakubi kuthathwa njengomdwebo ngenxa yokuba kuthintela iqela elingcono ukuba lidlule ngokukhawuleza; Ukuthetha nje, kwibhola ekhatywayo, ibala lokudlala elingalinganiyo lidla ngokubeka ibala lokudlala.
UbuNtshatsheli baseYurophu kweli hlotyeni luza kubanjelwa kwizixeko ezili-11 kwilizwekazi, kodwa amabala asezandleni zeBritane. I-UEFA yonyule “iNgcali yaseField” kwibala ngalinye eliza kusebenza nabagadi begadi basekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa umgangatho webala lemidlalo. Ngaphandle kwamadoda aseIreland, uRichard Hayden noGreg Whately, zonke iingcali zivela eNgilani. Kwibala lemidlalo laseWembley, ikhaya lesiqingatha sokugqibela kunye nelokugqibela, iingcali ezikhonzayo nguDale Fries kunye nomgcini-mhlaba uCarl Standley, uBrit oneminyaka engama-36 ubudala oneenwele ezichetyiweyo kunye neendiza ezimhlophe, amabhaso akhe aquka i-Top turf Influencer Awards.
Kwiiveki ezine ngaphambi komdlalo wokuqala waseNgilani ngokuchasene neCroatia eWembley, uStandley wavakala egxile kodwa ekhululekile, njengomfundi oyinkwenkwezi olungiselelwe kakuhle iimviwo. Ewe, umsebenzi wakhe kwiiNtshatsheli zaseYurophu uya kubonwa ngababukeli abangaphezu kwebhiliyoni emhlabeni jikelele, kwaye ewe, iinkwenkwezi ze-tournament zithembele kuye ngomsebenzi wazo ogqwesileyo, kodwa akesabi. “Kudala sicwangcisa lo mdlalo,” utshilo uStandley kutsha nje. "Siceba ukuzama ukungonakali."
I-pitch ngesiNgesi kudala idiniwe. Xa kunetha, zijika zibe ngumgxobhozo. Ebudeni beenyanga ezibandayo zasebusika, le ngxuma ijika ibe ngumkhenkce. Kwandula ke, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, imozulu eshushu iwaguqule abe ngamathafa awomileyo, anothuli. “Abantu bayathanda ukuza eWembley kuba yeyona ndawo ikuphela kwayo ingca eNgilane,” utshilo uCalderwood.
Amabala amabi athetha ukuba imidlalo irhoxisiwe, okuthetha ukuphulukana nengeniso, nto leyo ekhokelele ukuba ezinye iiklabhu ziguqukele kwezinye iindlela zokwenziwa. Ngowe-1981, iQueens Park Rangers yafaka i-OmniTurf. Umaleko obhityileyo wengca eyenziweyo wawubekwe kwitela, kwaye umhlaba omtsha wawuqinile kangangokuba owayesakuba ngumphathi weOldham Athletic uJoe Royle ukhumbula ngaxesha lithile inqaku elikhabayo labetha phezulu kangangokuba laya ngaphaya komqadi ochaseneyo. Kodwa i-QPR iqala ukuphumelela kwintsimi yayo entsha kwaye ezinye iiklabhu ziye zalandela. I-FA yabavala ngo-1995 ngenxa yodushe apho okubizwa ngokuba “ngamabala eplastiki” kwanika ababuki zindwendwe ithuba elingafanelekanga. Kodwa ngeli xesha, isahluko esitsha kulawulo lwesiza saqala.
Njengamabali amaninzi ebhola ekhatywayo, ukunyuka kwe-elite turf care ibali malunga nemali kunye nomabonwakude. Kwiminyaka ye-1990, njengoko iingeniso zeTV zikhukula kwi-Premier League entsha, iiklabhu zaqala ukuchitha imali eninzi kwiimali zokudlulisa kunye nemivuzo yabadlali. Okukhona abadlali bexabiseke ngakumbi, kokukhona kubaluleke ngakumbi ukubakhusela ekwenzakaleni. Enye indlela yokunciphisa ukulimala kukubonelela ngebala lokudlala elisemgangathweni. Ngenxa yoko, umgcini-sitiya owalityalwa kudala waba nentsingiselo entsha. "Ngequbuliso kukho uxinzelelo olungakumbi kubagcini," utshilo unozinti weNice uScott Brooks, osebenze eArsenal naseTottenham.
Ayikokukhusela abadlali kuphela, kodwa nangababukeli. Ukuba iPremier League ifuna ukuzimisa njengophawu oluhle lwehlabathi, idinga imveliso eya kujongeka ilungile kwiTV. Ikhosi emdaka, eguquguqukayo, engaphelelanga ayamkelekanga. NgokukaCalderwood, abasasazi baqala ukufuna "iindawo ezinje ngepool." Abanye abasasazo bade bachaze kwiikhontrakthi zabo ukuba ibala kufuneka libe kwimeko ecocekileyo, ngokukaGeoff Webb, umphathi oyintloko woMbutho woLawulo lweTerritory, omele umdla wabalimi baseBritane.
Njengoko ikhosi iphucuka, wenjenjalo nomdlalo ngokwawo. "Iimini nobusuku ukusuka apho sikhona e-Old Trafford," uSir Alex Ferguson, owayeqeqesha iManchester United ukusuka ngo-1986 ukuya ku-2013, wandixelela nge-imeyile. "Ukwazi ukuba unokhuselo olungaguqukiyo, olukumgangatho ophezulu, ngakumbi xa ufuna ukuhambisa ibhola ngesantya esithile, kuhamba umgama omde."
Embindini wolu tshintsho kukhathalelo lwengca nguSteve Braddock. UBraddock wenze ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na ukusukela oko wajoyina iArsenal ngo-1987 ukwenza ilizwe apho inkonzo egqibeleleyo iyinto eqhelekileyo. UWenger ukhankanye ukudibana noBraddock njengenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo. "Ekugqibeleni ndifumene umntu onomdla ofanayo wokukhonza ngokugqibeleleyo," uWenger wandixelela. Ngokutsho kwakhe, uBraddock uyisitshixo sokuphakamisa ibha kwi-Premier League.
Ngentsasa yasentwasahlobo enomoya, uBraddock wandifunqula kwisikhululo saseRadley eHertfordshire kwaye saqhuba ngeendlela ezijikajikayo ukuya kwindawo yoqeqesho yaseArsenal eKearney, apho wamisa khona i-11 pitches. Le yiveki yakhe yokuqala ebuyile emsebenzini kwisithuba esingaphezulu konyaka njengoko esilwa lo bhubhani ngelixa efumana unyango lomhlaza wolusu.
Ekufikeni kwam, wandibonisa ngeenxa zonke, wema ngaxesha lithile efowunela injineli yakhe yoyilo ethembekileyo ukuba imxelele ukuba amabhanti efeni enye yeetrektara zakhe afuna ukuqiniswa – weva intswahla emalunga neemitha ezingama-50 – Omnye wakhalaza ngomntu osebenza egadini. umncedisi owahambisa iipali zesango ngaphandle kokuphakamisa amavili. “Ishiya amanqaku,” ucacise watsho. Ingqwalasela kaBraddock kwiinkcukacha yintsomi: owayesakuba ngumncedisi wandixelela ukuba ukuba unako, uya kucheba ingca ngesikere.
UBraddock wayeneminyaka eyi-23 kuphela xa ejoyina iArsenal njengomphathi wentsimi. Ngemihla yangaphambili, ejamelene nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselweyo noko wayekubona njengenkcubeko yemilinganiselo ephantsi, kwafuneka afune indlela yakhe. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke le nto, kukho uhlaziyo lonyaka: ekupheleni kwexesha ngalinye, intsimi iyatsalwa ukuze isuse ukhula olungafunekiyo oluneengcambu ezinzulu kwaye lungabambi i-turf endaweni, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuphuka. Phambi kokuphuculwa kweteknoloji ngo-2000, oku kwakufuna iiveki ezininzi zokunyuka nokuhla ngomzila usebenzisa oomatshini ababizwa ngokuba zizikhafu.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinye iinqanawa zaseBritane zamkela iindlela zikaBraddock, kubandakanya nokusebenzisa kwakhe isanti ngokukhululekileyo ukunceda i-pitch ikhuphe ngokukhawuleza. “USteve utshintshe ishishini,” undixelele umphathi webala leArsenal uPaul Ashcroft. Itekhnoloji yokulungisa kaBraddock “ayizange ijongwe okanye igqalwe njengenokwenzeka ngezixhobo ezinqongopheleyo ezikhoyo.” UBraddock uyavuya nokwabelana ngobulumko bakhe obuqokelelweyo kunye nezinye iiklabhu. Abalimi abaninzi endithethe nabo bakhumbula ukuguqukela eBraddock ukufumana iingcebiso zokulungisa.
Ngokuthe ngcembe, indima yomgcini-gadi yaqala ukutshintsha. Ukususela ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1990, xa i-Premier League yayifuna ukuba baqeqeshwe kwisayensi yezityalo, umsebenzi uye waqhubela phambili kwidatha. Itekhnoloji entsha nayo iyanceda. Umtshini wengca kwibala lezemidlalo elinjengeWembley unokubaleka iiyure ezingama-25-30 ngeveki, iiveki ezingama-50 ngonyaka. UStandley undixelele ukuba umchebi wengca kufuneka ahambe iimayile ezili-10 ukudlula eWembley kube kanye. Amaxabiso aba matshini aqala kwi-£11,000. Xa ndandityelele umzi-mveliso kaDennis eDerbyshire ngoAprili, babehlanganisa oomatshini bokucheba ingca abali-12 ukuze bathunyelwe eQatar, nto leyo eyayiodolwe yiFIFA kwiNdebe yeHlabathi yonyaka ozayo.
Kubasebenzi baseBritane bokhathalelo lwengca, imigangatho yaseYurophu iselusizi. “Abazange bayiqonde into efunekayo ukuze badlale ibhola ekhatywayo,” utshilo uStones, ekhumbula ixesha lakhe eStade de France njengomqeqeshi oyintloko. UCalderwood ucinga ukuba kuxhomekeke kwimfundo. Njengabasebenzi abaninzi abakhokelayo bokhathalelo lwengca, wafunda isayensi yengca kwiKholeji yaseMiles Coe ePreston. "Nokuba ufumane into efana nediploma okanye idiploma yelizwe eliphambili, engenakwenzeka eFransi, ayikho into enjalo," watsho.
Ukufika kwakhe eParis Saint-Germain, uCalderwood wothuswa koko wakufumanayo. Amaqela asemabaleni awanazo nezixhobo zokucheba ezifunekayo zokucoca ingca efileyo emva kwemidlalo. “Abayazi neyona nto ilula njengaleyo,” wandixelela othukile njengomntu osandul’ ukufumanisa ukuba ummelwane wakhe akayiqondi into yokuba kufuneka achebe ingca. Xa ndathetha nesekela likaCalderwood, indoda engumFrentshi egama linguArnaud Meline, yandixelela ukuba “umbono” wengca kwilizwe lakowabo wahluke ngokusisiseko. KumaFrentshi, “seyindawo yokuya kwindawo yokubhaka inyama nabahlobo.”
Amalungiselelo e-Euro 2020 aqale ngaphezulu kweminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Kwiiyure zakuqala ze-25 ka-Epreli 2019, uDale Frith wayeqhuba i-M6 e-Wembley, apho i-UEFA yayihlanganisa iqela layo leengcali zentsimi kwintlanganiso "yokukhaba".
Ngentsimbi ye-10 kusasa, izigebenga ezininzi zokhathalelo lwengca ziba kwitafile yothethathethwano. Ukongeza kwiFries, kukho noRichard Hayden, othi nguye kuphela ingcali ye-turf eyatshintsha ngempumelelo amabala e-Lille ngexesha le-Euro 2016. U-Dean Gilasby usebenze neFIFA ukuphuhlisa abagijimi abanomdla kwihlabathi jikelele, ukusuka eMacedonia ukuya eGhana. U-Andy Cole yeyona ngcaphephe yenkundla isebenze ixesha elide kweli gumbi, edlale kwiiNtshatsheli zaseYurophu ezintathu kunye noBuntshatsheli beHlabathi obuthathu. Aba bantu asingabo abalimi, bangabacebisi ngengca, i-agronomists kwaye bajongana neeprojekthi ezininzi eziqhubekayo.
Abameli be-UEFA babonise ishedyuli yeenyanga ezizayo, kunye nezinto abazilindeleyo kwibala ngalinye. Ngokwezikhokelo ze-UEFA, ukubamba kufuneka kube ngaphezu kwe-30 yeemitha ze-newton (Nm), eyiyunithi yetorque elinganisa intsebenziswano yomdlali nomphezulu. Ukutsalwa kakhulu kungonakalisa i-ligaments kwaye kubangele ukulimala, kuncinci kunokubangela ukuba umdlali alahlekelwe yibhalansi. Ubunzima bomphezulu kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-90 gravimetric - lo ngumlinganiselo wokuba ihamile icotha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwimpembelelo. Ukuba ibhola ithambile kakhulu, umdlali uya kudinwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuba inzima kakhulu, umngcipheko wokulimala uya kwanda kwaye ibhola iya kugxuma kakhulu. Umhlaba owenziweyo mawube phakathi kwe-24mm kunye ne-28mm kwaye kufuneka usikwe kumgca othe ngqo onqumla ebaleni kwaye uqonde ngqo kumgca wokuphela kwebala. Ide idwelise ubungakanani bendawo yesohlwayo kunye nendawo ephakathi (200mm kunye ne-240mm ububanzi, ngokulandelelanayo).
Njengomcebisi, uFries uya kuxhasa i-UEFA ngokubeka iliso kwidatha ye-pitch kwi-janitor Standley kwaye ngamanye amaxesha aqhube iimvavanyo ezizimeleyo. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwabalimi kunye nabacebisi akulula. Abalimi-zitiya banoxanduva lokugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kweendawo ezithile, ngelixa abacebisi bezulazula phakathi kweeprojekthi, ukusuka kwiNdebe yeHlabathi ukuya kwimidlalo emininzi. (Ebudeni botyelelo lwaseWembley, uFrith wayesebenza kwiSikolo iSt. Helens Prayimari, esasinebala lemidlalo elingenamanzi.) Abanye baye bathelekisa ulwalamano phakathi komakhi nomzobi wezakhiwo. “Ndiyayazi into endiyifunayo, kodwa abasebenzi abanezakhono baya kwenza le nto ndiyifunayo,” utshilo uAndy Cole. Kumgadi wanamhlanje waseBritane oqeqeshelwe ukulima izitiya, esi simo sengqondo sinokuba mnandi. UStandley, ophumelele iimbasa ezininzi kwiminyaka yakhe eli-15 esebenza egadini eWembley Stadium kwaye ewuthanda kakhulu umsebenzi wakhe, waqala walile ukuba nodliwano-ndlebe ngeli nqaku kuba wayesoyika ukuba liza kuwugxininisa kakhulu umsebenzi wabacebisi bomhlaba.
USendley wathelekisa umsebenzi wakhe nokuqhuba inqwelo-moya. Unethemba lokuba angahlala phantsi ngeentsuku zomdlalo ngokulungiselela okufanelekileyo, kodwa xa imidlalo ibuyela umva, uhlala ubusuku bonke kwihotele ekufutshane xa kwenzeka into engalindelekanga. Udla ngokuba kude nentsapho yakhe, kuquka inkoliso yeempela-veki, kodwa oko kukuzincama akulungeleyo ukukwenza. “Lo ayingomsebenzi wam, ngumnqweno wam lo,” utshilo. Wabiza i-Wembley Stadium ngomntwana wakhe wesibini kuba "uphila kwaye uphefumla njengaye". (Abalimi badla ngokuthetha oku xa bethetha xa intsimi “inxaniwe” okanye “ilambile.”)
Ukugcinwa okugqwesileyo kwintsimi kuxhomekeke ekufezekiseni ulawulo olusondeleyo kuyo yonke icandelo lentsimi. NgoMeyi, ndandwendwela uDave Roberts, umphathi omkhulu webala lemidlalo yeLiverpool, e-Anfield kwaye wandibonisa indlela asebenzisa ngayo izinzwa zobushushu kunye nokunyakama emhlabeni ukwenza ezona meko zintle zengca kwaye isebenzisa i-zeolite (uhlobo lothuthu lwentaba-mlilo, umhlaba) iimagnethi zigcina. ukufuma kwindawo yeengcambu. Inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela "yesigxina" yase-Anfield luluhlu lweebhokisi zeplastiki ezidibanisa phantsi kothungelwano lwemibhobho eshushu ukukhawulezisa ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye nokuwuvumela ukuba unkcenkceshe yonke indawo ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emithathu.
Imvula eninzi kunye namaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwenza i-UK ibe yindawo entle yokukhulisa ingca. Kodwa nakweli hlathi limnandi, imozulu iselolona tshaba lubi lwabasebenzi basemhlabeni. Bahlala besoyika izinto ezingalindelekanga. Kwiveki emva kotyelelo lwam lokuqala eWembley, usuku lokugqibela olungelulo ukhuphiswano lwenzeka. Kubusuku obungaphambili, i-6 mm yemvula yana endaweni ye-2 mm eqikelelweyo, nto leyo yabangela uloyiko phakathi kweqela le-Standley.
Xa ndibuza uStandley ukuba yintoni emoyikayo, ukhumbula isaqhwithi sekhephu esabetha iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba iTottenham ye-2018 FA Cup iphinde idlale neRochdale eWembley. (Kamva kumdlalo, abasebenzi abaphantsi komhlaba kwafuneka beze kwindawo enemihlakulo ukuze basuse indawo yesohlwayo.) “Indalo yeyona ngxaki inkulu,” utshilo u-Standley. Nangona uFrith waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumlimi, waphendukela kumcebisi ngo-2008, ngenxa yokuba "ukunqongophala kolawulo" kwamenza wanexhala.
Umsebenzi unokuba nexabiso. Njengonozinti, abagcini-zitiya badla ngokungaqatshelwa kangako xa izinto zihamba kakuhle, kodwa xa izinto zingahambi kakuhle, baba ngabokuqala ukubekek’ ityala. KuMatye, yindlela yokuphila, hayi umsebenzi. “Awubi ngumlimi, uzalwa ungumlimi,” watsho.
Ukuba ujonge indawo yezemidlalo ekumgangatho wehlabathi, Ibala lemidlalo iWembley liya kuba lukhetho olubi. USendley ufanisa umsebenzi wakhe nokukhula kokhula kwibhokisi yezihlangu. Ukusukela ngoSeptemba ukuya kuMatshi, iimitha ezingama-50 zimi zenza izithunzi kwingca. Ngezi nyanga, amanqanaba okukhanya kwebala alifane libe ngaphezu kwe-12 µmol, ngaphantsi kwe-20 µmol edla ngokufuneka ukuze ingca ikhule. I-Wembley nayo yayinomoya omdaka, utshilo u-Standley. Njengoko iingcaphephe zengca zisitsho, ngaphandle komoya, ingca iba “yonqena” ize ekugqibeleni iwe ize ife.
I-Standley inezixhobo ezintle kakhulu zokusombulula ezi ngxaki. Isebenzisa inkqubo yokungenisa umoya engaphantsi komhlaba ukunyusa ukufuma kunye namaqondo eoksijini esantini ize idibanise ukuya kutsho kwiisentimitha ezingama-30 ngaphantsi komphezulu (ebizwa ngokuba “yingcambu yendawo”). Ukuvuselela ukukhula kwezithole zengca, ikwahambisa amanzi ashushu ngemibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba, inyusa amaqondo obushushu kwindawo yeengcambu eziphezulu ukuya kwi-17°C. Nje ukuba imbewu intshule, ulayita izibane kunye neefeni ezinkulu ezintandathu ukulinganisa iimeko zasehlotyeni. Into ekhangeleka ngathi yingca eqhelekileyo “yindibaniselwano yeekhemikhali ezinkulu,” wandixelela.
Ukugcina iWembley Stadium ikwimo ephezulu ngexesha lasehlotyeni, umsebenzi omkhulu kufuneka ugqitywe ngexesha lasebusika. Ngomhla we-20 kaNovemba, i-2019, ukulungiselela uBuntshatsheli baseYurophu, yayilixesha lokuqalisa ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwebala lezemidlalo - ukubuyisela indawo yokuqala yengcambu enobunzima beetoni ze-6,000. Umhlaba wendalo waseLondon unodongwe oluninzi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba alukhuphi kakuhle, ngoko ke uStandley weza nentlabathi esuka eSurrey ukukhawulezisa amanzi. Ukwakha ngokutsha intsimi ngumsebenzi onzima ekufuneka ugqitywe rhoqo emva kweminyaka esibhozo. Iqela labasebenzi abali-15, elisebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku kangangeeveki ezintathu, longa ixesha nemali ngokufumana izinto zokuya nokubuya ebaleni ebusuku xa kukho iimoto ezincinci.
Ingca ithatha malunga neeveki ezili-11 ukuvuthwa emva kokubekwa kwesoyi entsha. (Oku kwakuquka nokuluka isiqwengana sengca eyenziweyo kumphezulu ukuze izinze.) Kwandula ke, ngoMatshi ka-2020, i-UEFA yafudusela iNtshatsheli yaseYurophu kwihlobo elilandelayo. Oku yaba kukuphoxa kukaStandley, kodwa ingeyontlekele. NgoNovemba ka-2020, wayilungisa ibala kwaye waqala ukuvavanya, ethumela iziphumo kuFrith ukuze zitolikwe egameni le-UEFA. Ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2021, uFrith uza kuya eLondon ukuya kuvavanyo lwakhe.
USendley uqhelanisa iWembley ngokugqibeleleyo kweminye imidlalo enjengombhoxo kunye nebhola ekhatywayo yaseMelika. Eyokugqibela, uthi, inexesha elifutshane lokudlala kwaye idinga "ukutsalwa okuphezulu". Ukuze unyanzelise abadlali ukuba batshintshe indlela ngokukhawuleza, i-NFL idinga amabala aqinileyo anobunzima phakathi kwe-90 kunye ne-100. Ukwandisa ukuqina kwebala, iqela le-Standley liya kulinganisa oomatshini babo bokucheba ingca malunga ne-30 kg. I-Standley inokongeza malunga neyunithi enye yobunzima ngokusikwa. Ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo kwakhona, uya kuguqukela kwi-Verti-Drain, isixhobo esenziwe ngezipikili ezithandathu ezigrumba emhlabeni ukuze zithobe ukuxinezeleka ngokuqhekeza umhlaba. Ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kubadlali bebhola ekhatywayo baseMelika xa besiwa, iStandley yenza ingca ibe nde kancinci, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-32mm.
Abafuyi baye benza amawaka eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonelela ngengca egqibeleleyo kuwo wonke umdlalo. Ngamanye amaxesha bathatha ukuya kwiminyaka eli-15 ukuphuhlisa uhlobo olutsha, kwaye iibhetshi zabo ezinamandla ziphelela kwitafile kaGqr. Christian Spring eWest Yorkshire Sports Turf Institute. I-STRI ilinganisela ingca ngeempawu ezifana “noxinaniso lwamathontsi” (ubukhulu be-turf) kunye “nokubuyiselwa” (indlela ekhawuleza ngayo ukuchacha ekugugileni). I-STRI ivavanya ngononophelo uhlobo ngalunye kwaye ipapashe iziphumo zayo kwincwadana yonyaka ethi Standley yibhayibhile yakhe.
Nangona kunjalo, awukwazi ukuguqula iWembley ibe yiqakamba okanye inkundla yentenetya yengca. Umhlaba unesanti kakhulu, ngoko umphezulu awusokuze uqine ngokwaneleyo. Ngenjikalanga eyayisibekele, ndaya emazantsi eLondon, apho uNeil Stubly, umalathisi we-turf kunye ne-horticulture we-All England Lawn Tennis Club, wayelungiselela iWimbledon. Xa ibhola lokuqala libetha ekupheleni kukaJuni, i-Wimbledon iya kuba namandla kabini njengoko i-Wembley yayinjalo xa i-NFL iya edolophini.
NjengoCalderwood, uStubley waya kwiKholeji yaseMyerscoe, apho wafundiswa ukuba izityalo kufuneka zihlale zisempilweni, zinkcenkceshelwe kakuhle, kwaye zondliwa kakuhle. “Emva koko uqala ukudlala intenetya, ukhuphe i-begizus, uyeke ukuyondla, uyeke ukuyinkcenkceshela,” wandixelela. Ukudala eyona ndawo intle yengca, uStubly kwafuneka enze ulungelelwano phakathi kobomi nokufa. “Xa uqalisa itumente, izityalo zifa kancinci kuba ulamba,” utshilo. Kodwa umphezulu akufanele wome kakhulu ekuqaleni, “kungenjalo isityalo siya kufa kwiveki yesibini.” U-Kort ugqibe ugqatso lweeveki ezimbini malunga ne-300 g, engekho ngcono kakhulu kune-asphalt.
Xa ndiqala ukutyelela i-Standley e-Wembley ngomhla we-12 ngoMeyi - iiveki ezine ngaphambi koBuntshatsheli baseYurophu kunye neentsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokugqibela kweNdebe ye-FA - bonke ngaphandle kweqela labasasazo kunye ne-Standley Five, bengabali abasebenzi bomhlaba, ibala lezemidlalo lalingenanto. Ngokusondela kokugqibela kwendebe, ubude bebala bufikelele kubude bokudlala: 24 mm. Phakathi kweentlanga, Standley vumela ingca ikhule kangangoko. Iqela lakhe ke layilungisa malunga ne-2mm ngosuku kangangeveki. (Ukusikeka okunzima kunokuzothusa izityalo kwaye zijike zibetyheli.) Kwiintsuku ezine ngaphambi kokuqalisa, ziya kucheba ukuze zigcine ubude obufanayo, zisika icandelo elincinane kuphela suku ngalunye. Oku kubetha rhoqo kugxininisa ipateni ebaleni, iyenza ibonakale ngathi yi-chessboard eluhlaza.
Kamva ngaloo ntsasa, ndavavanya ikhosi kunye noFries. Exhobe ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, uninzi olujongeka njengezixhobo zentuthumbo zexesha elizayo, uFrith wachithakala kwingca yaseWembley, elumkile ukuba angachebi enye yeengcango zombane ezithuleyo. Njengoko kulindelekile, ikhosi ikwimo entle. Kamva kuloo veki, wafaka amanqaku kwi-UEFA Bosses Portal.
Kwaba de ndabuya emva kweeveki ezimbini, ngomhla wokhuphiswano lwamagqibela kankqoyi, apho ndabona khona ukubaluleka komsebenzi kaStandley. Ukufika kwam malunga neyure ngaphambi kokukhaba, u-Standley wayebonakala ekhathazekile kwaye neenwele zakhe zikrazuliwe, umka kwinkangeleko yakhe yesiqhelo engenasiphako. Ngophumeleleyo ophakanyiselwe kwiPremier League, owona mdlalo uphezulu kakhulu kwibhola yeNgesi, uphawule ukuqala kwempelaveki enzima kakhulu kwikhalenda ye-Standley, kunye nemidlalo emithathu ethe tye edlalwa ukusuka ngoMgqibelo ukuya ngoMvulo. Emva koko, uya kuba neeveki ezimbini ukwenza uhlengahlengiso lokugqibela ngaphambi komdlalo wokuqala waseNgilani kwiNdebe yaseYurophu.
Ngentsimbi yesi-2:00 emva kwemini, u-Standley waba nentlanganiso neqela eliphantsi phambi kokuba baye ebaleni ukuya kubukela umdlalo. "Nangona siyifunda yonke idatha, kufuneka ndibone ubungqina ngoku," wandixelela. U-Standley ubukele ibhola ekhatywayo njengomyili wemveliso ubukele imuvi: yintoni imvelaphi yabanye, eneneni, ugxile kuye.
“Andibajongi abadlali, ndibukela iibhutsi zabo zibetha phantsi,” utshilo. Uya kukhathalela ukuphoswa, kanye njengokuba umlandeli oqhelekileyo unokoyika ukubona umkhuseli wakhe esala isohlwayo. Ukulingana kwamanqaku eqela lakhe kukubukela umdlali ejikeleza, ejika okanye ejika, nto leyo enokwenziwa kuphela kwibala elilungiswe kakuhle. U-Standley wayonwabile xa uPhil Foden esenza isithonga esimangalisayo kwicala elingasezantsi ngasekupheleni komdlalo weWembley ngokuchasene ne-Iceland ngoNovemba. “Uthembele kwinkundla ezinzileyo,” watsho ehleka uStandaley.
Kuphela emva komdlalo apho u-Standley wakwazi ukuphefumla. Emva komdlalo wamagqibela kankqoyi wetumente, waya eofisini ukuze aphumle kwaye emamele umculo. Wayethanda ukumamela amagcisa awadibana nawo eWembley: Coldplay, Adele, Springsteen. Kwiiyure ezingama-24, kufuneka ayenze kwakhona, aze aphinde ayenze ngosuku olulandelayo. Njengoko esenza indlela yakhe eya ehotele, uyazivumela ukuba acinge nge-euro. NgoLwesibini, nge-1 kaJuni, ibala lonke liya kuguqulwa ukuze uphawu lwe-Euro 2020 lubonakale kwiindawo zokumisa. “Kusithathe iminyaka emithathu ukufika apha,” utshilo uStandley. “Besiyilungiselela le nto, sifuna indawo ethambileyo yokumisa.”
Kwakuyintsimbi yesi-6 xa u-Standley wafika ezobukela umdlalo wokuqala waseNgilani ngeCawe nge-13 kaJuni, kodwa kwakusele kushushu. Walandela inkqubo efanayo njengesiqhelo, eqala ngokuhamba ejikeleza ibala lokudlala. Yathomalalisa imithambo-luvo yakhe yamenza waziva engaphezulu. Uqikelelo lwabiza amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngoko ke u-Standley wayesazi ukuba ukunkcenkceshela umzila kwakuyeyona nto iphambili, ngakumbi kwicala elingasentla, elichaneke ngokupheleleyo elangeni. Emva kokuba u-Standley egqibile ukuhlola, iqela lakhe lamsikwa ngokuthe tye kabini ukwenza ipateni ebonakale ebaleni icace ngakumbi, waphinda wapeyinta umgca omhlophe kabini. Emini, kwiiyure ezimbini phambi kokuqala komdlalo, ibala liye lankcenkceshelwa okwesibini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-23-2022