Ekubhengezeni amandla avuselelekayo anamabhongo kule veki, abalawuli beBiden baqaqambise inqanawa esakhiwa eBrownsville njengobungqina bamathuba oqoqosho oluluhlaza.
Ecaleni kweBrownsville Channel kunye ngqo kwiGulf of Mexico njengendawo yokomba, omnye wabenzi abakhulu bezixhobo zeoyile engaselunxwemeni kwiGulf Coast yajika iihektare ezingama-180 zomhlaba yaba ngumgodi wegolide wokwenyani.Indawo yokuthengisa iinqanawa inodederhu lwezakhiwo ezingama-43, kuquka iishedi ezisi-7 ezilingana ne-hangar, apho kubhabha iintlantsi zabachweli, kwaza kwagqabhuka iihamile zomoya kuzo, zilumkisa ngokubhalwe ngqindilili ukuba naziphi na iimpazamo zinokukhokelela kwisiphene.Sayina.Ipleyiti yentsimbi emva kwepleyiti yentsimbi yeetoni ezintathu yatyibilika kwelinye icala lomzi-mveliso.Kwelinye icala, njengamathoyi antsonkothileyo asuka kwindawo yokusebenzela kaSanta, eqengqa awona matshini anzima kunye nowona matshini unzima wemizimveliso kwihlabathi.
Ebudeni bokukhula kweoli ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21, indawo yokugcina iinqanawa yaqhubeka ivelisa “izixhobo zokwemba ijack-up.”La maqonga akude nonxweme aphakame njenge skyscrapers kwaye akhupha ioyile ngeemayile phantsi komgangatho wolwandle, ngalinye lithengisa malunga ne-250 yezigidi zeedola.Kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo, irhamncwa elinemigangatho engama-21 lazalelwa eyadini, eligama linguKrechet, lelona sixhobo sikhulu seoli esekwe emhlabeni kwimbali.Kodwa iKrechet-“gyrfalcon” ngesiRashiya, olona didi lukhulu lwefalcon kunye nezilwanyana ezitya iArctic tundra-ibonakalise ukuba yidayinaso.Ngoku ukukhupha ioli ye-Irving-based ExxonMobil kunye namaqabane ayo kwisiqithi saseSakhalin kufuphi neRashiya, le nto ingaba yinto yokugqibela yokwakhiwa kwe-oyile yokwakhiwa kwendawo yeenqanawa.
Namhlanje, ngexesha elibalulekileyo elibonisa inguqu yoshishino lweoyile negesi etshayela kulo lonke elaseTexas kunye nehlabathi, abasebenzi baseBrownsville Shipyard bakha uhlobo olutsha lwenqanawa.Njengomatshini wakudala we-oyile, le nqanawa yamandla olwandle iya kuhamba isingise elwandle, ibeke imilenze yayo yentsimbi enzima emazantsi olwandle, isebenzise ezi zinqe ukuze izixhase de iwele amanzi arhabaxa, ize ke, ngomdaniso we. amandla kunye nokuchaneka , Umatshini owela ebunzulwini obumnyama oza kungena ematyeni phantsi kolwandle.Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, ubutyebi bendalo inqanawa ifuna ukuphuhlisa ayiyooli.Ngumoya.
Umvelisi wamandla waseRichmond, oseVirginia osekwe kwiDominion Energy eyalele inqanawe iya kuyisebenzisa ukuqhuba iimfumba kumazantsi oLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki.Kwisikhonkwane ngasinye esiziimitha ezili-100 ubude sintywiliselwe emanzini, kuya kufakwa intsimbi etsolo-ntathu kunye ne-fiberglass windmill.Ihabhu yayo ejikelezayo imalunga nobukhulu bebhasi yesikolo kwaye inamabali angama-27 ngaphezu kwamaza.Le yinqanawa yokuqala yokufakela i-injini yomoya eyakhiwe eMelika.Njengoko iifama zomoya ezikude nonxweme, ezisafumaneka ikakhulu eYurophu, zivela ngakumbi nangakumbi kunxweme lwase-United States, iBrownsville Shipyard inokwakha iinqanawa ezifanayo.
Lo mfutho womelela ngakumbi nge-29 kaMatshi, xa abalawuli be-Biden babhengeza isicwangciso esitsha sokwandisa amandla omoya e-US ngaphandle kolwandle, esithi siza kubandakanya iibhiliyoni zeedola kwimali mboleko kunye nezibonelelo, kunye nothotho lweefama zomoya ezintsha ezijolise ekukhawuleziseni amanyathelo oMgaqo-nkqubo. yofakelo.Kwimpuma, kwintshona nakwiGulf Coast yaseUnited States.Enyanisweni, isibhengezo sisebenzisa inqanawa eyakhiwe kwi-Brownsville Shipyard njengomzekelo weprojekthi yamandla avuselelekayo yase-US enethemba lokukhuthaza.Urhulumente ubanga ukuba umzi-mveliso womoya ongaselunxwemeni uya "kuzala ikhonkco elitsha lobonelelo oluya kutsho entliziyweni ye-United States, njengoko kubonisiwe ziitoni ezili-10,000 zentsimbi yasekhaya ebonelelwa ngabasebenzi baseAlabama naseWest Virginia kwiinqanawa zaseDominion."Le njongo intsha yomanyano kukuba ngo-2030, iUnited States iza kuqesha amashumi amawaka abasebenzi ukuba bafake iimegawathi ezingama-30,000 zamandla omoya ovela elunxwemeni.(Imegawathi enye inika amandla amakhaya amalunga nama-200 eTexas.) Oku kusengaphantsi kwesiqingatha koko kwakulindeleke ukuba iTshayina ibe nayo ngelo xesha, kodwa inkulu xa ithelekiswa neemegawathi ezingama-42 zamandla omoya ovela elunxwemeni afakwe eUnited States namhlanje.Ngenxa yokuba icandelo lezamandla e-US lihlala liceba ukwenza utyalo-mali olukhulu kwisithuba seminyaka embalwa, ithayimthebhile karhulumente iya kukhawuleza kakhulu.
Kuyo nayiphi na i-Texan ethanda ukuhleka kwishishini lamandla ahlaziyekayo, amandla omoya olwandle abonelela ngejongo lokwenyani elinomdla.Ukusuka kwisixa sokubheja ukuya kubunjineli obufunekayo, kufana nje neshishini leoli, lilungele abo baneepokotho ezinzulu, umdla omkhulu, kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu.Iqela lezopolitiko, amahlakani alambele ioyile, ngempazamo atyhola iiinjini zomoya ezikhenkcezileyo ngokusilela okuyintlekele kwenkqubo yamandla yaseTexas ngexesha lesaqhwithi sasebusika kaFebruwari.Bathetha ukuba amafutha efosili isekuphela komthombo wamandla othembekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ziya zisanda iinkampani zeoyile kufuneka ziphendule kungekuphela nje kwezopolitiko zazo kodwa nakubanini-zabelo behlabathi.Babonisa ngotyalo-mali lwabo ukuba babona enye imithombo yamandla njengomthombo wokukhula kwengeniso yenkampani, kwaye ezi ngeniso zeshishini zibalulekile kushishino lweoyile.Impembelelo yokuhla.
Iinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe ezingabanini bendawo yeenqanawa zaseBrownsville kunye neenkampani zamazwe ngamazwe eziyila iinqanawa zamandla omoya ziphakathi kwezona khontraktha zikhulu zehlabathi zepetroleum.Zombini iinkampani zinengeniso engaphezu kwe-6 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kunyaka ophelileyo;bobabini bafumana ilahleko enkulu kwezi ntengiso;omabini afuna indawo kwimarike yamandla ahlaziyekayo.Ingxaki yeoli inzulu.Inxalenye yesizathu kukothuka kwexesha elifutshane kwe-COVID-19, ethe yacutha uqoqosho lwehlabathi.Ngokusisiseko, ukukhula okubonakala kungenakuthintelwa kwimfuno yeoli kule nkulungwane idlulileyo ngokuthe ngcembe kuya kuncipha.Ukwandisa ingqalelo ekutshintsheni kwemozulu kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwetheknoloji ecocekileyo - ukusuka kwiimoto zombane ukuya kumakhaya axhaswa ngumoya kunye namandla elanga - kubangele ukuguquka kwexesha elide ukuya kwiindlela ezingabizi kwaye ezingabizi kakhulu kumafutha e-fossil.
UGeorge O'Leary, umhlalutyi ogxile kumandla e-Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co., esekelwe e-Houston, wathi nangona i-oyile kunye negesi ibuyiswa ibuyiswa kutshanje, "imali eninzi iyeza" kwicandelo lamandla avuselelekayo.ibhanki yotyalo-mali.Inkampani iluphawu lwembonakalo yehlabathi eguqukayo yengingqi yeoli yaseTexas-kudala igxile kwi-oyile kunye negesi, kodwa ngoku iyantlukwano ngenkuthalo.U-O'Leary ufanise ulangazelelo olutsha lwabaphathi be-oyile baseTexas kumandla ahlaziyekayo nokutsalwa kwawo yi-oyile ye-shale kunye nerhasi kwiminyaka eli-15 eyadlulayo;de itekhnoloji entsha inciphisa iindleko zokutsalwa, ukugrumba le ngxondorha iye yabonwa ngokubanzi njengengafanelekanga.uqoqosho.U-O'Leary undixelele ukuba ezinye iindlela zezibaso zefosili “ziphantse zifane ne-shale 2.0.”
I-Keppel yindibano esekwe eSingapore kwaye yenye yezona zinto zinkulu emhlabeni zivelisa izixhobo zokuhombisa ioyile.Yathenga i-Brownsville Shipyard kwi-1990 kwaye yenza ukuba ibe ngundoqo wecandelo le-AmFELS.Kangangeminyaka engama-30 eyalandelayo, indawo yokulungisa iinqanawa yayichumile.Nangona kunjalo, i-Keppel inike ingxelo yokuba ishishini layo lamandla liza kuphulukana ne-1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2020, ikakhulu ngenxa yeshishini layo le-oyile ephesheya kolwandle.Ibhengeze ukuba kwiinzame zokuthintela ukuvuza kwemali, iceba ukuphuma kwishishini kwaye endaweni yoko igxile kumandla ahlaziyekayo.I-CEO yakwaKeppel uLuo Zhenhua ufunge kwingxelo "yokwakha inkokeli yeshishini ebhetyebhetye kwaye alungiselele utshintsho lwamandla ehlabathi."
Uluhlu lwezinye iindlela lungxamisekile ngokulinganayo kuNOV.I-behemoth ese-Houston, eyayifudula ibizwa ngokuba yi-National Oilwell Varco, iyile inqanawa yokufakela i-injini yomoya eyakhiwa yi-Keppel Shipyard.I-NOV yenye yezona zinto zinkulu emhlabeni jikelele ezivelisa oomatshini be-oyile kunye negesi, inabasebenzi abamalunga nama-28,000.Aba basebenzi basasazeke kwiifektri ezingama-573 kumazwe angama-61 kumazwekazi amathandathu, kodwa phantse ikota yabo (malunga nama-6,600 abantu) basebenza eTexas.Ngenxa yokudinwa kwemfuno yoomatshini abatsha bepetroleum, ibike ilahleko eyi-US$2.5 yebhiliyoni ngoNovemba wonyaka ophelileyo.Ngoku, isebenzisa ubuchwephesha obuqokelelweyo kwicandelo leoli negesi, inkampani iyila iinqanawa ezintlanu zofakelo lwe-injini yomoya entsha ezakhiwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanywa enye eBrownsville.Ixhotyiswe ngemilenze kajack-up kunye neecranes ezininzi zazo, kwaye iguqulwa isuka kwi-oyile ye-offshore ibe namandla omoya olwandle.UClay Williams, igosa elilawulayo le-NOV, wathi "amandla avuselelekayo anomdla kwimibutho xa iindawo zeoli zingenamdla kakhulu".Xa esithi “kumnandi”, wayengathethi ukuzonwabisa.Wayefuna ukwenza imali.
Ibalulekile kuqoqosho lwaseTexas, ishishini lamandla lihlala lichazwa njengeliphantse lahlulwa ngokwenkolo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Oli enkulu ngumzekelo wokwenyani kwezoqoqosho okanye ukuhlambalaza kwendalo-kuxhomekeke kwimbono yakho yehlabathi.Kwelinye icala yiBig Green, intshatsheli yenkqubela phambili yendalo okanye isisa esibi-kwakhona, kuxhomekeke kwimbono yakho.La mabali ahlekisayo aya ephelelwa lixesha.Imali, hayi indlela yokuziphatha, ukubunjwa kwamandla, utshintsho lwezoqoqosho luchaza ngokutsha ubume bamandla eTexas: ukwehla kwishishini leoli kubaluleke kakhulu kunomjikelo wamva nje, kwaye ukunyuka kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kuhlala ixesha elide kunamaqamza aqhutywa yinkxaso-mali.
Ngexesha le-fiasco yesiqhwithi sasebusika ngoFebruwari, ukuhlukana okushiyekileyo phakathi kwamandla amadala kunye namandla amatsha kubonakaliswe kumthendeleko.I-polar vortex eyenziwa ngamanye amazwe ngokuzolileyo ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwigridi yamandla, engazange ihoywe ngoluhlu lweerhuluneli, abameli kunye nabalawuli iminyaka elishumi.Emva kokuba isaqhwithi sithathe amakhaya azizigidi ezi-4.5 ngaphandle kweintanethi, uninzi lwawo lwacinywa umbane kangangeentsuku ezininzi kwaye lwabulala ngaphezu kwe-100 Texans.Irhuluneli uGreg Abbott uxelele iFox News ukuba "umoya kunye namandla elanga avaliwe "Oku "kubonisa nje ukuba iifosili ziyimfuneko."U-Jason Isaac, umlawuli weprojekthi yamandla ye-Texas Public Policy Foundation, wabhala ukuba isiseko yitanki yokucinga kunye nemali eninzi yenkxaso-mali ebonelelwa ngamaqela enzala yeoli.Ubhale wathi, Ukuphela kombane kubonisa ukuba "ukubeka amaqanda amaninzi kwibhasikithi yamandla ahlaziyekayo kuya kuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu."
Malunga ne-95% yomthamo omtsha ocwangcisiweyo eTexas ngumoya, ilanga, kunye neebhetri.I-ERCOT iqikelela ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kunokunyuka ngama-44% kulo nyaka.
Akothusi ukuba ikwayala inolwazi oluphangaleleyo.Kwelinye icala, akukho mntu ucebisa ukuba iTexas okanye ihlabathi liza kuwayeka kungekudala amafutha efosili.Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwezothutho kuya kuncipha kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka ezayo, banokuhlala ixesha elide njengemithombo yamandla kwiinkqubo zoshishino ezifana nokwenza intsimbi kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezivela kwizichumisi ukuya kwiibhodi zokusefa.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zonke iintlobo zokuvelisa amandla - umoya, ilanga, igesi yendalo, amalahle, kunye namandla enyukliya - akuphumelelanga ngexesha lesaqhwithi ngoFebruwari, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba amagosa ombane aseTexas akazange anikele ingqalelo kwishumi umzi-mveliso ukuze uphile ebusika.Ukusuka eDakota ukuya eDenmark, iiinjini zomoya zomsebenzi obandayo zikwalungile kwiimeko ezibandayo kwenye indawo.Nangona isiqingatha sazo zonke ii-iturbines zomoya kwigridi yaseTexas zazikhenkceke kwezo ntsuku zingafanelekanga ngoFebruwari, ii-injini zomoya ezininzi eziye zaqhubeka zijikeleza zivelisa umbane omninzi kuneBhodi yokuthembeka koMbane yaseTexas Njengoko kulindelekile, ikhomishini inoxanduva lokulawula amandla aphambili karhulumente. igridi.Oku ngokuyinxenye kwenza isixa esikhulu segesi yendalo ethe yapheliswa.
Nangona kunjalo, kubagxeki bezinye iindlela zamafutha efosili, into yokuba malunga ne-25% yombane waseTexas ngo-2020 iya kuvela kwiiinjini zomoya kunye neepaneli zesola ngandlela thile ithetha ukuba ukuphuma kombane kufuneka kuqaqambe.Impazamo yomatshini oluhlaza okhawulezayo.Kunyaka ophelileyo, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya eTexas kudlule ukuveliswa kombane wamalahle okokuqala.Ngokutsho kwe-ERCOT, malunga ne-95% yomthamo omtsha ocetywayo kulo lonke ilizwe ngumoya, ilanga kunye neebhetri.Lo mbutho uqikelela ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya karhulumente kunokunyuka ngama-44% kulo nyaka, ngelixa ukuveliswa kombane kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu zelanga kunokuphindaphindeka kathathu.
Ukunyuka kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kubangela ingozi yokwenene kwinzala ye-oyile.Enye kukuqinisa ukhuphiswano lwesisa sikarhulumente.Ngenxa yeyantlukwano koko kuqukiweyo, ukubalwa kwenkxaso-mali yamandla kwahluka kakhulu, kodwa uqikelelo lwakutsha nje lwenkxaso-mali yamafutha yefosili yaseMelika iyonke lusukela kwi-US$20.5 yebhiliyoni ukuya kwi-US$649 yebhiliyoni.Ngolunye amandla, uphononongo lwe-federal lubonise ukuba inani le-2016 laliyi-6.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, nangona libala kuphela uncedo oluthe ngqo lwe-federal.Kungakhathaliseki ukuba manani, i-pendulum yezopolitiko ihamba kude neoli kunye negesi.NgoJanuwari walo nyaka, uMongameli uBiden wakhupha umyalelo olawulayo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, owawufuna ukuba urhulumente wobumbano "aqinisekise ukuba, ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuthotyelwa kwemithetho esebenzayo, iimali zomdibaniso aziwaxhasi ngokuthe ngqo amafutha efosili."
Ukulahlekelwa yinkxaso-mali yenye nje ingozi kwioli negesi.Okona koyikeka ngakumbi kukuphulukana nesabelo semarike.Nkqu neenkampani zamafutha efosili ezithatha isigqibo sokusukela amandla ahlaziyekayo zinokuphulukana nokuba bhetyebhetye ngakumbi nabakhuphisana abanamandla ngokwezimali.Umoya ococekileyo kunye neenkampani zelanga ziba ngamandla anamandla, kwaye ixabiso lentengiso lezikhulu zetekhnoloji ezinje ngeApple kunye noGoogle ngoku lenza ixabiso lentengiso leenkampani eziphambili ezidweliswe ioyile.
Nangona kunjalo, ziya zisanda iinkampani zaseTexas zisebenzisa izakhono eziziqokelele kwishishini lamafutha efosili ukuzama ukuphuhlisa inzuzo yokukhuphisana kwimakethi yamandla acocekileyo ekhuphisanayo."Ziziphi iinkampani zeoli kunye negesi ezenzayo zibuza, 'Senza ntoni kwaye yintoni ezi zakhono zisenza sikwazi ukwenza amandla avuselelekayo?'" watsho uJames West, umhlalutyi weshishini leoli e-Evercore ISI, ibhanki yotyalo-mali eNew York.Uthe "iinkampani ezikwingingqi yeoli yaseTexas, engena kwelinye icandelo lamandla, zineFOMO."Oku kukunqwala kwabona baqhubi bongxowankulu bomeleleyo aboyika ukuphoswa ngamathuba.Njengoko abangakumbi nangakumbi abaphathi bePetroleum baseTexas bengenela utyekelo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo, iWest ichaza indlela abaqiqa ngayo ngokuthi: “Ukuba kuyasebenza, asifuni ukuba ngumntu obonakala esisidenge kwiminyaka emibini.”
Njengoko umzi-mveliso weoyile kunye negesi usebenzisa kwakhona amandla avuselelekayo, iTexas iyakwazi ukuxhamla.Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwinkampani yophando lwamandla i-BloombergNEF, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo nyaka, igridi ye-ERCOT ikhusele izivumelwano zexesha elide zokudibanisa amandla okuvelisa amandla omoya kunye nelanga ngaphezu kweyiphi enye igridi kweli lizwe.Omnye wabahlalutyi, uKyle Harrison, uthe iinkampani ezinkulu zeoyile ezinemisebenzi ebanzi eTexas zithenga inxalenye enkulu yamandla avuselelekayo, kwaye ezi nkampani ziziva zisiba shushu ngakumbi ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint.Ukongeza, uninzi lwezi nkampani zinerosta ezinkulu zabasebenzi, kwaye izakhono zabo zokomba zisebenza kwimithombo ehambelana nokusingqongileyo.NgokukaJesse Thompson, iTexas inesiqingatha semisebenzi yokuvelisa i-oyile kunye negesi e-US, kwaye phantse ikota yesithathu yemisebenzi yepetrochemical yase-US, "nobunjineli obumangalisayo, isayensi yezixhobo kunye nesiseko setalente ye-organic chemistry", usomashishini omkhulu wezoqoqosho kwi-Federal Reserve Bank. eDallas eHouston."Zininzi iitalente ezinokuguqulwa."
Ukuphela kombane ngoFebruwari kuqaqambise ukuba ishishini lamafutha efosili lelinye lawona basebenzisi bamandla ababawayo eTexas.Inxalenye enkulu yemveliso yegesi yendalo yelizwe iye yaphela, kungekhona nje ngenxa yokukhenkceza kwezixhobo zokupompa, kodwa nangenxa yokuba ezininzi zezixhobo ezingenayo i-frozen zilahlekelwe amandla.Lo mnqweno uthetha ukuba kwiinkampani ezininzi ze-oyile, esona sicwangciso silula samandla ahlaziyekayo kukuthenga ijusi eluhlaza ukutshisa ishishini labo elimdaka.I-Exxon Mobil kunye ne-Occidental Petroleum basayine isivumelwano sokuthenga amandla elanga ukunceda amandla imisebenzi yawo kwi-Permian Basin.I-Baker Hughes, inkampani enkulu yeenkonzo ze-oyile, iceba ukufumana wonke umbane owusebenzisayo eTexas kwiiprojekthi zomoya kunye nelanga.IDow Chemical ityikitye isivumelwano sokuthenga umbane kwiziko lamandla elanga kumazantsi eTexas ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla efosili kwiplanti yepetrochemical yaseGulf Coast.
Ukuzibophezela okunzulu kweenkampani zeoli kukuthenga izabelo kwiiprojekthi zamandla avuselelekayo-kungekhona nje ukusebenzisa umbane, kodwa kunye nembuyekezo.Njengomqondiso wokuvuthwa kweminye imithombo yamandla, abantu abaninzi baseWall Street baqala ukucinga ukuba umoya kunye namandla elanga anokwethenjelwa ngakumbi kuneoli kunye negesi yokuhlawula ngemali.Omnye wabasebenzi abasebenzayo kwesi sicwangciso sisigebenga se-oyile yaseFransi iTotal, eyafumana isibonda solawulo kumvelisi wepaneli yelanga esekwe eCalifornia iSunPower kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo, kunye nomenzi webhetri waseFransi uSaft, oprojekthi yakhe inokuba qwalasela ukuba amandla avuselelekayo kunye nombane. imveliso iya kuphendula i-40% yokuthengisa kwayo ngo-2050-ngokuqinisekileyo, eli lixesha elide.NgoFebruwari walo nyaka, iTotal yabhengeza ukuba iza kuthenga iiprojekthi ezine kwindawo yaseHouston.Ezi projekthi zinamandla okuvelisa amandla elanga angama-2,200 MW kunye nomthamo wokuvelisa amandla ebhetri angama-600 MW.Itotali iya kusebenzisa ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sombane wayo kwimisebenzi yayo kwaye ithengise ukuphumla.
Khulisa kwiinjongo eziqinileyo zokulawula imarike ngoNovemba.Ngoku isebenzisa iqhinga layo elingasikelwanga mda elilolongelwe kwi-oyile kumandla ahlaziyekayo.
Ezona nkampani zineoyile ziqeqeshekileyo ezithatha inxaxheba kumdyarho wamandla angenye zenza okungaphezulu kunokubhala nje iitshekhi.Bavavanya apho banokusebenzisa khona izakhono zabo zeoyile kunye negesi.I-NOV kunye ne-Keppel bazama oku kubekwa kwakhona.Ngokungafaniyo nabavelisi beoyile abanee-asethi eziphambili zeehydrocarbons ezingcwatywe kumatye angaphantsi komhlaba, ezi kontraka zehlabathi zinezakhono, iifektri, iinjineli, kunye nenkunzi yokuphinda zisasazeke kwicandelo lamandla angeyo-fosili ngokulula.Umhlalutyi we-Evercore West ubhekisela kwezi nkampani ngokuba "ngabakhethi" behlabathi leoli.
I-NOV ifana ne-bulldozer.Ikhule ngokufunyanwa ngokurhabaxa kunye neenjongo ezinenkani zokulawula imarike.I-West ibonise ukuba isiteketiso sayo kwishishini "akukho mnye umthengisi"-oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba ungumvelisi wamandla, "unengxaki nge-rig yakho, kufuneka ubize i-NOV kuba akukho mnye umthengisi.“Ngoku, inkampani isebenzisa iqhinga layo elingasikelwanga mda elilolongelwe kwioyile kumandla avuselelekayo.
Xa ndandithetha nenkokeli kaNOV uWilliams ngeZoom, yonke into ngaye yenza i-CEO yePetroleum yakhala: ihempe yakhe emhlophe iqhotshwe emqaleni;iqhina lakhe elizolileyo linepateni;itafile yenkomfa ihleli kuye Isithuba phakathi kwedesika yakhe kunye nodonga lweefestile ezingaphazamisekiyo kwiofisi yakhe yaseHouston;ejinga kwikhabhathi yeencwadi ngasemva kwegxalaba lakhe lasekunene, kukho imizobo yamakhwenkwe amathathu eenkomo akhwele ioyile kwisixeko.Ngaphandle kwenjongo yokuphuma kwishishini leoli ngoNovemba, uWilliam ulindele ukuba ishishini leoli liza kunika uninzi lwengeniso yalo kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.Uqikelela ukuba ngo-2021, ishishini lamandla omoya lenkampani liya kuvelisa kuphela malunga ne-200 yezigidi zeedola zase-US kwingeniso, ibalwa malunga ne-3% yeentengiso zayo ezinokwenzeka, ngelixa eminye imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo ayiyi kwandisa kakhulu eli nani.
I-NOV ayizange iphendulele ingqalelo kumandla avuselelekayo ngaphandle komnqweno wokunyaniseka wokukhusela okuluhlaza kunye nokusingqongileyo.Ngokungafaniyo nabanye abavelisi abakhulu be-oyile kunye ne-American Petroleum Institute, umbutho wezorhwebo ophambili kwishishini, awuzibophelelanga ekunciphiseni unyawo lwekhabhoni, kwaye awukawuxhasi umbono karhulumente wokumisela ixabiso lezinto ezikhutshwayo.UWilliams uyavelana nabo banentshukumisa “yokutshintsha ihlabathi,” wandixelela oko, kodwa “njengabokhapitali, simele siyibuyisele imali yethu, size sibuye nemali ethile.”Ukholelwa ukuba enye imithombo yamandla-ayisiyiyo kuphela amandla omoya, kodwa kwakhona kukho amandla elanga, amandla e-hydrogen, amandla e-geothermal kunye neminye imithombo yamandla amaninzi-yimarike entsha enkulu enokuthi i-trajectory yokukhula kunye nemida yenzuzo inokugqithisa kakhulu ioli kunye nendalo. igesi."Ndicinga ukuba balikamva lenkampani."
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, i-NOV, njengabaninzi ekhuphisana nabo ngenkonzo ye-oyile, iye yanqanda imisebenzi yayo yamandla ahlaziyekayo kwitekhnoloji enye: i-geothermal, ebandakanya ukusebenzisa ubushushu obuveliswe ngokwendalo obuphantsi komhlaba ukunika amandla iiiturbines kunye nokuvelisa umbane.Le nkqubo ininzi into efanayo kunye nokuveliswa kweoli: idinga imingxuma yokwemba ukukhupha ulwelo olushushu emhlabeni, kunye nokufaka imibhobho, iimitha, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulawula olu lwelo luphuma emhlabeni.Iimveliso ezithengiswa yi-NOV kushishino lwe-geothermal ziquka amasuntswana okomba kunye nemibhobho yequla efakwe kwi-fiberglass.“Eli lishishini elilungileyo,” utshilo uWilliams.Nangona kunjalo, xa uthelekisa neshishini lethu lendawo yeoli, alikho likhulu kangako.
Ishishini leoli ngumgodi otyebileyo kwiminyaka yokuqala eyi-15 yenkulungwane yama-21, kwaye ukukhula okungalawulekiyo koqoqosho lwaseAsia kukhuthaze ukwanda kwemfuno yehlabathi.Ingakumbi emva kuka-2006, ukongeza kukwehla kwexesha elifutshane ngexesha lentlekele yezemali yehlabathi ka-2008, amaxabiso anyukile.Xa uWilliams waqeshwa njenge-CEO ye-NOV ngoFebruwari 2014, ixabiso lombhobho yeoli lalimalunga ne-US $ 114.Wathi akukhumbula elo xesha kwincoko yethu, waba neentloni yimincili.“Ilungile,” watsho, “ilungile.”
Esinye sezizathu zokuba amaxabiso e-oyile ahlala ephezulu ixesha elide kukuba i-OPEC ixhase amaxabiso eoyile ngokumisela imiqathango yemveliso xa kujongwe ukwanda kwemveliso eUnited States.Kodwa ngentwasahlobo ka-2014, amaxabiso eoli ehla.Emva kokuba i-OPEC ibhengeze kwintlanganiso ngoNovemba ukuba iya kugcina iiyunithi zayo zokupompa ziguquguquka, amaxabiso eoli ehla ngakumbi, inyathelo elatolikwa ngokubanzi njengelinge lokugxotha abo bakhuphisana nabo baseMelika.
Ngo-2017, ixabiso lomphanda liya kuhlala malunga ne-US $50.Ngexesha elifanayo, ukunyuka kokuthandwa komoya kunye namandla elanga kunye neendleko zokuhla zenze ukuba urhulumente akhuthaze ngokusebenzayo ukunciphisa i-carbon.UWilliams wabiza malunga nabaphathi be-80 kaNovemba ukuba bathathe inxaxheba "kwiforum yenguqu yamandla" ukufumanisa indlela yokulawula kwihlabathi eliye lakhawuleza linomdla.Wathuma injineli ephezulu ukuba ikhokele iqela eliza kukhangela amathuba kwinkomfa yamandla angenye.Wabela ezinye iinjineli ukuba zisebenze "kwimisebenzi eyimfihlo ye-Manhattan yeprojekthi" -izimvo ezinokusebenzisa ubuchule be-oyile kunye negesi ye-NOV "ukudala inzuzo yokhuphiswano kwicandelo lamandla acocekileyo."
Ezinye zezi ngcamango zisasebenza.UWilliams undixelele ukuba enye yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokwakha iifama zelanga.Ngotyalo-mali lweenkampani ezinkulu, iifama zelanga ziya zikhula ngokukhula, ukusuka eNtshona Texas ukuya kuMbindi Mpuma.Wabonisa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwezi zakhiwo ngokuqhelekileyo "kufana neprojekthi yendibano yefenitshala ye-IKEA enkulu nabani na owakha wayibona".Nangona uWilliams enqabile ukunika iinkcukacha, i-NOV izama ukuza nenkqubo engcono.Enye ingcamango yindlela entsha enokubakho yokugcina i-ammonia-i-chemical substance NOV yakhiwe ukuvelisa izixhobo ze-hydrogen, njengendlela yokuthutha umoya kunye namandla elanga ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwamandla, le nto ifumana ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi.
I-NOV iyaqhubeka ukutyala imali eninzi kumandla omoya.Ngo-2018, yafumana umakhi waseDatshi i-GustoMSC, enesikhundla esiphezulu kuyilo lweenqanawa kwaye isebenzela ushishino lwamandla omoya aselunxwemeni lwaseYurophu.Ngo-2019, i-NOV yathenga isibonda kwi-Denver-based Keystone Tower Systems.I-NOV ikholelwa ukuba inkampani iye yaqulunqa indlela yokwakha iinqaba ezinde ze-injini yomoya ngexabiso eliphantsi.Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa indlela edumileyo yokwenza inqaba nganye ye-tubular ngokudibanisa iipleyiti zentsimbi ezigobileyo kunye, i-Keystone iceba ukusebenzisa i-spirals yentsimbi eqhubekayo ukuzenza, kancinane njengephepha lephepha lendlu yangasese yekhadibhodi.Ngenxa yokuba ukwakheka kwe-spiral kwandisa amandla ombhobho, le ndlela kufuneka ivumele ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi encinci.
Kwiinkampani ezenza oomatshini, “inguqu yamandla inokuba lula ukuyifeza”, kuneenkampani ezenza imali ngokuthengisa igolide emnyama.
Ingalo yenkunzi yemali ye-NOV ityale izigidi zeedola kwi-Keystone, kodwa yalile ukunika amanani achanekileyo.Oku akusiyo imali enkulu ngoNovemba, kodwa inkampani ibona olu tyalo-mali njengendlela yokusebenzisa inzuzo yayo yokungena kwimarike ekhula ngokukhawuleza.Isivumelwano sivumele ukuvulwa kwakhona kwesityalo sokwakhiwa kwe-oyile ye-oyile ngoNovemba, evaliweyo kunyaka odlulileyo ngenxa yokuhla kwemarike yeoli.Itholakala kwidolophu yasePanhandle ePampa, kungekhona nje phakathi kweendawo zeoli zaseMelika, kodwa naphakathi "kwebhanti lomoya".Isityalo sePampa asibonisi zimpawu zokuguqulwa kwamandla obuchwepheshe obuphezulu.Le yiyadi yodaka kunye nekhonkrithi engasasetyenziswayo enezakhiwo zemizi-mveliso ezintandathu ezinde nezimxinwa ezinophahla lwamacangci.I-Keystone ifaka oomatshini bayo bokuqala bohlobo lwayo apho ukuze baqalise ukuvelisa iinqaba zomoya ojikelezayo ekupheleni kwalo nyaka.Lo mzi-mveliso ubunabasebenzi abamalunga nama-85 phambi kokuba uvalwe kunyaka ophelileyo.Ngoku kukho abasebenzi abamalunga ne-15.Kuqikelelwa ukuba baya kube bengamashumi asixhenxe abasebenzi ngeyoMsintsi.Ukuba iintengiso zihamba kakuhle, kunokubakho abasebenzi abangama-200 phakathi kulo nyaka uzayo.
Ukongamela isicwangciso se-Keystone kaNovemba yayiyibhanki yotyalo-mali yaseGoldman Sachs yaseNarayanan Radhakrishnan.Xa uRadhakrishnan wagqiba kwelokuba ashiye iofisi yaseGoldman Sachs eHouston ngo-2019, wayesebenzela inkampani yenkonzo ye-oyile, ingenguye umvelisi weoyile, kuba wayehlalutya imiceli mngeni yokusinda kolu shishino.Kumnxeba weZoom ekhaya ngoFebruwari, wathi "utshintsho lwamandla lunokuba lula ukufikelela" kwiinkampani ezenza oomatshini bamandla, endaweni yeenkampani ezenza imali ngokuthengisa igolide emnyama.“Ukhuphiswano olungundoqo lukaNOV alukho kwimveliso yokugqibela;imalunga nokwakha izinto ezinkulu nezintsonkothileyo ezisebenza kwiimeko ezinzima.”Ngoko ke, xa kuthelekiswa nabavelisi be-oyile, i-NOV ilula ukutshintsha ingqalelo, "impahla yabo iphantsi komhlaba".
U-Radhakrishnan unethemba lokuba ukusebenzisa amava e-NOV kwimveliso yobuninzi bee-oyile ezihambayo ukuya koomatshini be-Keystone's spiral wind tower banokuvula imimandla emikhulu yase-United States kunye nehlabathi kwaye ibe yimarike yamandla omoya enenzuzo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinqaba zeeinjini zomoya zikude kumzi-mveliso apho zakhiwe khona ukuya kwindawo ezifakelwe kuyo.Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kufuna indlela ejikelezayo ukuphepha imiqobo, efana neendlela ezidlulayo.Ngaphantsi kwale miqobo, inqaba ebotshelelwe kwibhedi yelori ayifanelekanga.Ukwakha inqaba kumgca wokuhlanganisa ohambahambayo omiswe okwethutyana kufuphi nendawo yokufakela, i-NOV ibheja ukuba inqaba kufuneka ivunyelwe ukuba iphindwe kabini ukuphakama-ukuya kwii-600 ezinyaweni, okanye amabali angama-55.Ngenxa yokuba isantya somoya sinyuka ngokuphakama, kwaye iiblade zeinjini yomoya ezinde zivelisa ijusi eyongezelelekileyo, iinqaba ezinde zinokukhupha imali eninzi.Ekugqibeleni, ukwakhiwa kweenqaba zeenjini zomoya kunokufuduselwa elwandle—ngokoqobo, elwandle.
Ulwandle yindawo eyaziwa kakhulu kwi-NOV.Ngo-2002, ngokukhula komdla kwingqikelelo entsha yamandla omoya e-offshore e-Europe, inkampani yamaDatshi yokwakha iinqanawa i-GustoMSC, eyafunyanwa yi-NOV kamva, yatyikitya isivumelwano sokubonelela ngenqanawa yokuqala yehlabathi eyenzelwe amandla omoya nge-jack-up system.-Ukufakwa kweTurbine, isisombululo seMayflower.Loo nqanawa ingafakela kuphela iiiturbines kubunzulu obuziimitha ezili-115 okanye ngaphantsi.Ukusukela ngoko, uGusto uyilwe malunga nama-35 eenqanawa zokufakela i-injini yomoya, ezi-5 kuzo zayilwa kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo.Ezona nqanawa zikufutshane, kuquka naleyo yakhiwe eBrownsville, zenzelwe amanzi anzulu—ngokuqhelekileyo ziimitha ezingama-165 nangaphezulu.
I-NOV yamkele iitekhnoloji ezimbini zokomba ioyile, ngakumbi kufakelo lweinjini yomoya.Enye yinkqubo kajack-up, enemilenze yayo ephumela kumhlaba wolwandle, inyusa inqanawa ukuya kuma-150 eemitha ngaphezu komphezulu wamanzi.Injongo kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-crane yayo inokufikelela phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ifake inqaba kunye neeblade ze-injini yomoya.Izixhobo zokulawula ioyile zidla ngokuba nemilenze emithathu ejikijelwayo, kodwa iinqanawa zeinjini yomoya zifuna ezine ukuze zimelane noxinzelelo lwezixhobo ezinzima ezishukumayo kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ngolo hlobo.Izixhobo ze-oyile zibekwe kwiqula leoli kangangeenyanga ezininzi, ngelixa iinqanawa zomoya womoya zihamba ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye, ziqhele ukuhla zinyuka yonke imihla.
Olunye uhlengahlengiso lukaNovemba ukusuka kwioli ukuya kumoya yinguqu enokurhoxiswa, i-500-foot-long-long ye-crane yemveli yokufaka i-rig.I-NOV iyilwe ukuba ikwazi ukutyhala iinxalenye zeinjini yomoya phezulu esibhakabhakeni.NgoJanuwari 2020, imodeli yecrane entsha yafakwa kwiofisi kaKeppel eChidan, eNetherlands.NgoNovemba, malunga nabaphathi abangama-40 abavela kwihlabathi liphela babhabha ukuya kuthatha inxaxheba kwisemina yeentsuku ezimbini malunga nesicwangciso samandla avuselelekayo senkampani.."Iindawo eziphambili" ezilishumi ziye zavela: ezintathu ngamandla omoya, kunye namandla elanga, i-geothermal, i-hydrogen, i-carbon capture kunye nokugcinwa, ukugcinwa kwamandla, imigodi enzulu yolwandle, kunye ne-biogas.
Ndabuza uFrode Jensen, umongameli omkhulu we-NOV yokuthengisa kunye ne-drilling rigs, umphathi oye waya kwintlanganiso yeSchiedam malunga nento yokugqibela, iteknoloji ebandakanya ukuveliswa kwegesi enokutsha ukuvelisa umbane.Ngokukodwa umthombo wegesi yendalo?Wahleka uJensen.“Ndiyibeke njani?”wabuza ekhwaza ethetha ngesiNorwegian."Ikaka yenkomo."I-NOV iqhuba uphando nge-biogas kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe kwifama eguqulwe yaba liziko lophando kunye nophuhliso lwenkampani e-Navasota, idolophu encinci phakathi kwe-Houston kunye nedolophu yaseyunivesithi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "I-blues capital yaseTexas".Ngaba oogxa bakaJensen abasebenzisa i-biogas bacinga ukuba i-NOV inokwenza imali ngayo?“Oko,” akazange athethe, ethandabuza malunga nomsebenzi wakhe we-oyile weminyaka engama-25, “le nto bayicingayo.”
Ukusukela kwintlanganiso eSchiedam phantse unyaka onesiqingatha eyadlulayo, uJensen utshintshe ixesha lakhe elininzi emoyeni.Uyalela uNOV ukuba aqhubele phambili umda olandelayo wamandla omoya ongaselunxwemeni: iiinjini zomoya ezinkulu zikude kakhulu nonxweme kwaye ke ngoko zidada kumanzi anzulu kangako.Azibotshelelwanga emazantsi olwandle, kodwa zibotshelelwa emazantsi olwandle, ngokuqhelekileyo ziseti yeentambo.Kukho izinto ezimbini ezikhuthazayo zokungena kwiindleko kunye nemingeni yobunjineli yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo eside kangaka kude nonxweme: ukuphepha inkcaso yabahlali baselunxwemeni abangafuni ukuba umbono wabo utshatyalaliswe ziiinjini zomoya ezingekho kwiyadi yam, kunye nokuthatha ithuba ulwandle oluvulekileyo ngokubanzi kunye nezantya zomoya omkhulu..
Le nqanawa iya kubizwa ngokuba yiCharybdis, ebizwa ngokuba yi-monster yaselwandle kwintsomi yamaGrike.Ukuqwalasela imeko yezoqoqosho enzima ejongene neshishini lamandla, eli ligama lesiteketiso esifanelekileyo.
Ezinye zezona nkampani zeoli zinkulu ehlabathini zichitha intywenka yemali ukuze zithenge indlela yazo yokukhokela kolu qhwithela olukhula ngokukhawuleza lweinjini yomoya.Ngokomzekelo, ngoFebruwari, i-BP kunye nomvelisi wamandla waseJamani u-EnBW ngokudibeneyo wagxotha abanye abaxhasi emanzini ukuba bahluthe ilungelo lokuseka "indawo" yee-injini zomoya ezidadayo kuLwandle lwase-Irish kufuphi ne-UK.I-BP kunye ne-EnBW ibhidi ngaphezu kwe-Shell kunye nezinye ii-oyile ezinkulu, zivuma ukuhlawula i-1.37 yeebhiliyoni zeedola nganye ngamalungelo ophuhliso.Ngenxa yokuba abaninzi abavelisi be-oyile emhlabeni bangabathengi bayo, i-NOV inethemba lokubathengisa uninzi loomatshini abaza kubasebenzisa kumandla omoya olwandle.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omoya nako kwatshintsha iyadi yase Keppel eBrownsville.Abasebenzi bayo abali-1,500-malunga nesiqingatha sabantu ababebaqeshile kwindawo ephezulu ye-oyile ngo-2008-ukongeza kwiinqanawa zofakelo lwe-injini yomoya, bakha iinqanawa ezimbini zeenqanawa kunye ne-dredger.Bamalunga ne-150 abasebenzi ababelwe kule turbine yomoya, kodwa xa ulwakhiwo luqhuba ngokupheleleyo kulo nyaka uzayo, eli nani linganyuka liye kuma-800. Abasebenzi bebonke bendawo yeenqanawa banokunyuka baye malunga ne-1,800, ngokuxhomekeke ekomeleleni kweshishini layo lilonke.
Amanyathelo okuqala okwakha inqanawa yokufakela i-injini yomoya yeDominion ayafana kakhulu nalawo kudala esetyenziswa nguKeppel ukwakha izixhobo zeoyile.Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezinzima zifakwa kumatshini obizwa ngokuba yiWilberett, owenze umhlwa.La maqhekeza emva koko ayasikwa, ajikelezwe kwaye abunjwe, kwaye emva koko adityaniswe abe ziziqwenga ezikhulu zesikhephe, ezibizwa ngokuba zii "sub-pieces."Ezo zidityanisiwe zibe ziibhloko;ezi bloko ke zidityaniselwe kwisikhongozeli.Emva kokucolwa kunye nokupeyinta - umsebenzi owenziwe kwizakhiwo ezibizwa ngokuba "ngamagumbi aqhumayo", ezinye zazo zinemigangatho emithathu ephezulu - inqanawa ixhotyiswe ngoomatshini bayo kunye nendawo yokuhlala.
Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kokwakhiwa kwezixhobo zeoyile kunye nokwakha izikhephe zeseyile.Xa bakha iinqanawa zeDominion - ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-Okthobha kulo nyaka uphelileyo kwaye kucwangciswe ukuba kugqitywe ngo-2023 - abasebenzi baseKeppel eBrownsville babezama ukubaphatha kakuhle.Mhlawumbi obona bunzima bungenakuthintelwa bubandakanyekileyo kukuba, ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo zokuhombisa ioli, izikhephe zeseyile zifuna indawo evulekileyo ebanzi kumgangatho wazo ukuze zigcine iinqaba eziya kufakwa.Oku kwanyanzela iinjineli ukuba zikhangele apho iintambo zenqanawa, imibhobho, noomatshini abahlukahlukeneyo bangaphakathi ukuze nantoni na edlula kumgangatho (njengeengcango) yehliswe iye kutsho kumda ongaphandle womgangatho.Ukufumana indlela yokwenza oku kufana nokusombulula ingxaki enzima.E-Brownsville, umsebenzi wawela emagxeni omphathi wezobunjineli oneminyaka engama-38 ubudala uBernardino Salinas egcekeni.
USalinas wazalelwa eRio Bravo, eMexico, kumda waseTexas.EbeseBrownsville, eKeppel ukusukela oko wafumana isidanga semasters kubunjineli boshishino kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas A&M eKingsville ngo-2005. Umsebenzi wasefektri.Rhoqo emva kwemini, xa uSalinas efunda ngononophelo iplani yakhe ye-elektroniki aze enze isigqibo sokuba uza kuyibeka phi iphazili elandelayo, uya kusebenzisa ividiyo ukuze athethe nomntu asebenza naye kwiKeppel Shipyard yaseSingapore, esele yakhe isikhitshane sofakelo lweinjini yomoya.Ngenye imva kwemini kaFebruwari eBrownsville—ngentsasa elandelayo eSingapore—aba babini baxubusha ngendlela yokufaka imibhobho yamanzi abilge kunye nenkqubo yamanzi e-ballast ukuze amanzi ajikeleze inqanawa.Kwelinye icala, babonisana ngobunono bemibhobho ephambili yokupholisa injini.
Inqanawa yaseBrownsville iya kubizwa ngokuba yiCharybdis.Irhamncwa laselwandle kwiintsomi zamaGrike lihlala phantsi kwamatye, livuthulula amanzi kwelinye icala lendlela emxinwa, yaye kwelinye icala, esinye isidalwa esigama linguSkula siya kuxhwila nabaphi na oomatiloshe abadlula kufutshane kakhulu.UScylla noCharybdis banyanzela iinqanawa ukuba zikhethe iindlela zazo ngononophelo.Ngenxa yobunzima bemeko yezoqoqosho apho uKeppel kunye neshishini lamandla asebenza khona, oku kubonakala ngathi ligama lesiteketiso elifanelekileyo.
Isixhobo se-oyile sisami kwintendelezo yaseBrownsville.UBrian Garza, umqeshwa oneminyaka engama-26 ubudala waseKeppel, undixelele oku kutyelelo lweeyure ezimbini ngeZoom ngenjikalanga engwevu ngoFebruwari.Olunye uphawu lweengxaki zeshishini le-oyile kukuba iValaris eseLondon, umnini wesona sixhobo sikhulu se-oyile emhlabeni, uye wabhanga kunyaka ophelileyo kwaye wathengisa i-rig kwi-SpaceX edibeneyo ngexabiso eliphantsi le-3.5 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika.Eyasekwa ngu-billionaire u-Elon Musk, wenza i-headlines xa ebhengeza ekupheleni konyaka odlulileyo ukuba uya kusuka eCalifornia ukuya eTexas.Eminye indalo kaMusk ibandakanya umenzi weemoto zombane uTesla, othe wanegalelo kwifester yeshishini leoli laseTexas ngokutya imfuno yeoli.UGarza undixelele ukuba i-SpaceX yayithiya ngokutsha i-rig kwi-Deimos njengenye yeesathelayithi ezimbini zikaMars.UMusk uthe ekugqibeleni i-SpaceX iza kusebenzisa iirokethi eziqaliswe kumaqonga angaphesheya kolwandle ukuthutha abantu ukusuka eMhlabeni ukuya kwiPlanethi eBomvu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-16-2021