Iinqanawa zemithwalo, ngakumbi iinqanawa ezithwala imithwalo, zenza umqolo woqoqosho lwale mihla, malunga ne-90% yawo wonke umthwalo ongengobuninzi othwalwa ziinqanawa zemithwalo. Oku kongezwa kwinani elikhulu leetanki kunye nabathwali begesi. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweenjini ze-diesel, zikhupha malunga ne-3.5% ye-CO2 ekhutshwayo yehlabathi ngaphezu kwe-18-30% NOx kunye ne-9% ye-SOx.
Ngelixa ukutshintshela kwi-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemida yesantya kuye kwanciphisa ezinye zezi ngcoliseko, ishishini lokuthutha likholelwa ukuba lijongene nesidingo sokukhupha ikhabhoni ukuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zayo phantsi kweSivumelwano saseParis. Ngokusisiseko, oku kuthetha ukufumana indlela yokutshintsha ukusuka kwiinjini zedizili ukuya kwezinye ezinexabiso elithelekisekayo okanye elisezantsi lepetroli, ezivelisa ungcoliseko oluncinane okanye zingabikho kwaphela, kwaye azinampembelelo imbi kulungiselelo.
Njengoshishino olukhuphisana kakhulu nokhuphisanayo, oku kubonakala kubeka iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa emngciphekweni. Nangona kunjalo, itekhnoloji ekhoyo eqinisekisiweyo sele ikhona kwaye inokuphuculwa kwiinqanawa zempahla ezikhoyo.
Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwempahla ayiboli, oyena mqhubi wotyalo-mali kushishino lokuthumela ngenqanawa kukuthwala umthwalo omninzi kwinqanawa enye. Phakathi kweenqanawa zothutho ngeeseyile (amaphenyane anentsimbi) awasindayo de kwamashumi eminyaka okugqibela enkulungwane yama-20, akwazi ukukhuphisana neenqanawa zelo xesha, ngokuyintloko ngenxa yokuhla kweendleko zokusebenza. Eyona inkulu ebizwa ngokuba yiWindjammer (Moshulu) yakhiwa eSkotlani ngo-1903 kwaye isekho nangoku.
Njengoko ii-injini zomphunga zatshintshwa ngokukhawuleza ziinjini zedizili ngeminyaka yoo-1960, kwimizi-mveliso yokuthumela neyomzila kaloliwe, iinjini zedizili ziye zaba ngumsebenzi wehlabathi lanamhlanje, zinika amandla yonke into ukusuka kwiilori ukuya koololiwe ukuya kwezona nqanawa zinkulu. Kwangelo xesha linye, ukutsiba okukhulu ekuqondeni kwethu ihlabathi leathom kukhokelele kuvavanyo oluninzi kusetyenziswa izixhobo zenyukliya ze-fission reactor njengotshintsho oluthe ngqo lweebhoyila zomphunga zexesha elidlulileyo.
Enye yezona nqanawa zidumileyo zangaphambili ze-nuclear-powered cargo yi-NS Savannah, eyasungulwa ngo-1959. Ishishini lokuthumela ngenqanawa liya kukhetha ngokudibeneyo le ndlela yokuqhubela phambili ngenxa yemithetho elula kakhulu elawula iinjini zedizili kunye nexabiso eliphantsi ledizili, ukubeka phambili ezinye izinto.
Ngelo xesha, inqanawa yaseRashiya i<em>Sevmorput (eyasungulwa ngowe-1986) yayikuphela kwenqanawa yempahla esebenza ngenyukliya eyayisebenza ehlabathini. Sithetha nje sisetyenziswa ecaleni kweqela laseRashiya leenqanawa zokuqhekeza umkhenkce ezisebenza ngenyukliya ukuze kuphinde kubekho izikhululo zophando zaseRashiya eAntarctic.
Iprojekthi entsha ye-22220 icebreaker ixhotyiswe nge-RITM-200 SMR (imodyuli encinci ye-reactor) kunye nomjikelo we-refueling weminyaka eyi-7 efana ne-Sevmorput's multi-year fuel cycle. Kule meko, kunokuba luncedo ukuphelisa iindleko ze-refueling, ukwandisa umthamo wokuhlawula, kunye nokwenza lula izinto.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, iinkampani zokuthumela iinqanawa azinomdla kumngcipheko ukuba unokuphetshwa. Ngokusondela kwexesha elisikiweyo lenkulungwane ephakathi, abantu bazimisele ukutyala imali kutshintsho, kodwa okwangoku. Yilapho amabango okutshatyalaliswa - njengephepha le-2018 IEEE Spectrum kwinguqu kwi-hydrogen kunye neeseli ze-fuel - zijongene nemfuno enzima kakhulu.
Olu xwebhu luchaza ukuba inqanawa yomthwalo eguquliweyo egcwele iiseli zepetroli, iibhetri kunye neetanki zokugcina i-hydrogen zinokuba namandla aneleyo okufika kwizibuko elilandelayo. Oku kwalatha kwinani lezinto ezingalunganga, ukuvuza kwehydrogen enokubangela ukuba iinqanawa zemithwalo zibaleke emhlabeni, imfuneko yokuzalisa i-hydrogen exinzelelwe kakhulu kwizibuko ngalinye, kunye (ne-hedrogen engqindilili) ecinezelekileyo i-hydrogen ethatha indawo eninzi yetanki. Kananjalo asiyonkqubo ehambelanayo yothumelo lwe-turbo-electric enokufuna ukulungiswa okubanzi ngokutsha kwabathuthi abakhoyo.
Isikhonkwane sokugqibela ebhokisini kukunqongophala kweziseko ezingundoqo zokulala kumazibuko kwihlabathi jikelele, into yokuba phantse yonke i-hydrogen iveliswa ngoku kwi-fossil methane ("igesi yendalo") ngokuguqulwa komphunga kunye nemithombo efanayo. Ngokwenyani, olu tshintsho luya kuba yenye yezinto ezininzi ezingaziwayo, ezinobungozi obuphezulu, utyalo-mali lwehlabathi oluxabisa kakhulu kunye neentlawulo ezingaqinisekanga ukuba zihamba ngokwesicwangciso.
Ngelixa ishishini lokuhambisa inqanawa likhethe ukusebenzisa amafutha aselwandle anexabiso eliphantsi kwiinqanawa zalo zomthwalo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya kube yinxalenye yomkhosi onamandla wehlabathi ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1950s. Ngelixa inkwili yedizili iluncedo, ayinakuhlala ingaphantsi kwamanzi kangangeentsuku kwaye kufuneka igalelwe i-petroli rhoqo ngeveki, hayi rhoqo kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka. Ngokufanayo, abathwali bohlobo lwe-CATOBAR bafuna zombini amandla kunye ne-refueling, enokwenza ingxabano ibe nzima xa umthwali oxabisekileyo ephelelwa ngamafutha.
Ukuba yamkelwe kumxholo wenqanawa yomthwalo, kwaye kucingwa ukuba iireactors zaselwandle ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kwiRussia's RITM SMRs kunye ne-20% low-erichted uranium-235 (xa kuthelekiswa ne>90% yezinye iireactors zaselwandle zase-US), ukuhanjiswa kwe-refueling kuya kuphela Ukumisa i-petroli enye phantse kanye kwiminyaka esixhenxe, apho amafutha aya kutshintshwa. Ukuba yamkelwe kumxholo wenqanawa yomthwalo, kwaye kucingwa ukuba iireactors zaselwandle ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kwiRussia's RITM SMRs kunye ne-20% low-erichted uranium-235 (xa kuthelekiswa ne>90% yezinye iireactors zaselwandle zase-US), ukuhanjiswa kwe-refueling kuya kuphela Ukumisa i-petroli enye phantse kanye kwiminyaka esixhenxe, apho amafutha aya kutshintshwa. Если принять условия грузового корабля и принять морские реакторы, подобные тем, которые использового корабля и принять морские реакторы, подобные тем, которые использового корабля и принять морские реакторы, подобные тем, которые использового корабля и принять морские реакторы, подобные тем, которые в российский 235 (по сравнению с >90% для некоторых военно-морских реакторов США), логистика перегрузки будет ограничена до разовая остановка дозаправки примерно раз в семь лет, во время которой топливо будет заменено. Ukuba iimeko zeenqanawa zomthwalo zamkelwe kwaye ii-reactors zaselwandle ezifana nezo zisetyenziswa kwi-Russian RITM SMRs ezine-20% ephantsi etyetyiswe uranium-235 (xa kuthelekiswa ne>90% yezinye iireactors zasemanzini zase-US) zamkelwe, ukuhanjiswa kwe-refueling kuya kuthintelwa ukuvalwa kwexesha elinye. ukugcwalisa i-petroli phantse kube kanye kwiminyaka esixhenxe, apho amafutha aya kutshintshwa.如果采用货船环境，并假设像俄罗斯RITM SMR 中使用的船用反应堆，含有20% 的低浓缩铀经经于军反应堆> 90%），燃料补给的物流将仅限于一次加油大约每七年停止一次，在此期间将更换燃料.如果采用货船环境，并假设像俄罗斯RITM SMR 中使用的船用反应堆，含有20% 的低浓缩铀经经于军反应堆> 90%），燃料补给的物流将仅限于一次加油大约每七年停止一次，在此期间将更换燃料. Если принять среду грузового корабля и предположить, что морской реактор, подобный тому, который используется в российском в российском У-235 (по сравнению с > 90 % для некоторых реакторов ВМС США), логистика дозаправки будет ограничивается одной запрамеркой семь лет, в течение которых топливо будет заменено. Ukuthatha indawo yenqanawa yomthwalo kunye nokuthatha ireactor yaselwandle efana naleyo isetyenziswa kwi-Russian SMR RITM equlethe i-20% LEU-235 (xa kuthelekiswa ne> 90% yezinye ii-reactors zoMkhosi woMkhosi wase-US), ukuhanjiswa kwe-refueling kuya kuthintelwa kwi-refueling enye malunga nesixhenxe ngasinye. iminyaka apho amafutha aya kutshintshwa.Ukuba ityuwa etyhidiweyo okanye i-reactors yebhedi yeengqalutye isetyenzisiwe, ukufakwa kwe-refueling kunokwenziwa ngokuguquguqukayo, ukunciphisa ixesha elichithwe kwinkqubo.
Olunye uncedo lokusebenzisa isixokelelwano senyukliya kukuba amafutha anoxinano lwamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yetanki yamafutha. Endaweni yoko, ii-reactors kunye nee turbines zomphunga zinokungena endaweni yeenjini zedizili ezinobungakanani besakhiwo kwiinqanawa zekhonteyina ezifana ne-13.5-metres-mde, 26.5-metres-long-Wärtsilä RT-flex96C. Ke ngoko, uhlaziyo lwenyukliya luya kubeka i-injini kunye namafutha kwindawo enye njengebhloko ye-injini yokuqala, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa umthamo wokuthwala.
Ngenxa yokuba amazwe asebenzise izixhobo ezisebenza elwandle kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1950, iingozi neenzuzo zaziwa kakuhle, nto leyo ebenza badume njengeenjini zedizili abaza kuzitshintsha.
Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla enyukliya kuthathe inqanaba elitsha kushishino lweenqanawa. Umqobo omkhulu, abangaphakathi kwishishini bachaza, kukungabikho komthetho we-International Maritime Organisation (IMO) kule ndawo, nokusetyenziswa kwenyukliya kwiinqanawa zemfazwe eziqwalaselwayo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, oko kunokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, utshilo u-Andreas Sohmen-Pao, usihlalo wenkampani yokuthumela i-BW Group. Ngokutsho kwakhe, izinto eziluncedo kwiziko lamandla enyukliya ziyabonakala, ingakumbi iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.
Ngaphandle kokujongana neendleko eziphinda-phindayo zokwandiswa kwepetroli, iinqanawa zempahla ezinamandla enyukliya ziya kukhululeka ngokusebenzayo emva kotyalo-mali lwangaphambili. Oku kuya kuvumela iinqanawa zemithwalo ukuba zihambe ngokukhawuleza, kwezinye iimeko ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokuthathela ingqalelo ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo okanye iindleko zepetroli. Okanye, ukubeka ngokulula ngakumbi, ukucinga ukuba ixesha lokuhamba lenqanawa yenqanawa ukusuka eTshayina ukuya e-US ziiveki ezintathu, ukonyuka kwesantya ngama-50% kuya kucutha elo xesha ngeveki yonke.
Ngaphandle kwezoqoqosho, inyani ihleli kukuba ishishini lokuthumela ngenqanawa kufuneka linciphise ngokukhawuleza izinto ezikhutshwayo. Ngenxa yokuba ishishini liyingozi, naluphi na utshintsho kufuneka lube ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye lucwangciswe kakuhle, kwaye izisombululo zexeshana zinokwamkelwa ngakumbi kunokusilela kwenguqu. Apha, ubugcisa obuthembekileyo nobungqiniweyo, obufana nenyukliya, bunokubonelela ngezinto ezifunekayo. Ezi zibakala zaye zamkelwa yiBritish Marine classification society Lloyd's Register xa bephinda bebhala imithetho emva kokufumana ingxelo kumalungu abo. ULloyd's uthe ulindele “ukubona iinqanawa ezinamandla enyukliya ecaleni kweendlela ezithile zorhwebo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uninzi lulindele ngoku.”
Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela izinto ezihamba ngayo, sinokubona ishishini lokuthumela lingahambi kuphela ngaphandle kwekhabhoni ngexesha lokurekhoda, kodwa lenze iindlela zokuthumela ngokukhawuleza kwaye zithembeke ngakumbi kunanini ngaphambili. Ekubeni iinqanawa zemithwalo zikhululekile ukuhamba ngokusekelwe kwimozulu kunye nokuhamba kwendawo, uku-odola izixhobo ezimbalwa ezivela kwelinye icala lehlabathi kunokuthatha ixesha elincinci kakhulu, konke ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokuthutha namhlanje.
Kukho olunye uhlobo "lokuthutha" - inqanawa yokuhamba ngenqanawa, nayo engcolileyo kakhulu, ngakumbi xa ichweba lingasebenzi. Ukuba ezi nqanawa zinokuyeka ukukhupha umsi wedizili emnyama njengoko zidlula kwiziqithi ezintle, uhambo lolwandle lusenokubonakala lungenakonakala.
Enye into ongayikhankanyanga linani lamazwe athi azikho iinqanawa zenyukliya kumanzi am / kumazibuko am. Noko khange ndiyibone imiyalelo ethile.
Andiyi kumangaliswa xa kuvela ukuba kukho iindawo ezimbalwa ezithi "hayi, hayi kwisixeko sam." Jonga indlela iinkampani ezisika ngayo uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali ngasekhohlo nasekunene ngokubhalisa iinqanawa zabo kwiindawo ezithandabuzekayo ukuze zisebenze ngexabiso eliphantsi.
Akulunganga ukuthi iindawo ezininzi zoyika ukuba namava afana nala Beirut ebenalo ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. (Nokuba i-reactor yenqanawa yayingakhelwanga ukwakha ibhombu, ezopolitiko kunye noluvo loluntu luhlala lunamandla kunobunjineli xa kufikwa kwinto esebenzayo / engamkelekanga.)
Singasathethi ke ngawo onke amazwe atyhola amanye amazwe kwaye athi iinqanawa zenyukliya azinakungena kumazibuko amanye amazwe. (Ukuba uxakene nediplomacy yenyukliya yamazwe ngamazwe… ukuhambisa ngenqanawa kumazwe ngamazwe mhlawumbi akuzukuba lula…)
Iinqanawa/iinqanawa zemfazwe ezisebenza ngenyukliya zilula kuba ilizwe elinye alinakuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo inqanawa yemfazwe ukuya kwizibuko lelinye ilizwe ngaphandle kwemvume eyodwa. (Oku kudla ngokuthathwa njengokukrokrela kakhulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuthathwa njengesenzo semfazwe. Oko kukuthi, idiplomacy yamazwe ngamazwe yemeko ibonakala ngakumbi, okanye imvume ayizange ifunyenwe, kwaye kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba imfazwe iqhube, okanye kukho imvume yokuthatha isikhephe senyukliya emanzini elizwe langaphandle, kodwa ukuba oku akusiyo imfazwe kwaye umntu uqhubela umshini wokulwa kwindawo yangaphandle ngaphandle kwemvume, ngoko kungcono ukuba nolwimi lwesilivere, okanye inkcazo enhle. / ukuthetheleleka, kwaye uphume ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuba imvume inikiwe.)
Ibingayi kuba yinto engalunganga ukuthi iindawo ezininzi zinoloyiko lokuba namava afanayo naleyo iBeirut idlule kuyo ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. Ibingayi kuba yinto engalunganga ukuthi iindawo ezininzi zinoloyiko lokuba namava afanayo naleyo iBeirut idlule kuyo ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. > Было бы несправедливо сказать, что многие места боялись бы получить подобный опыт, который Бейрут пережил в начале этого . > Iya kuba yinto engafanelekanga ukuthi iindawo ezininzi ziya koyika ukuba namava afanayo nalawo aseBeirut ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. > 22 > 22 > Несправедливо говорить, что многие места боятся получить опыт, подобный тому, что пережил Бейрут в начале этого года. > Akulunganga ukuthi iindawo ezininzi zoyika ukuba namava afana nalawo eBeirut ebenawo ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka.(Nokuba i-reactor yenqanawa yayingakhelwanga ukwakha ibhombu, ezopolitiko kunye noluvo loluntu luhlala lunamandla kunobunjineli xa kufikwa kwinto esebenzayo / engamkelekanga.)
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe yibhombu. Nokunyibilika, ugqabhuko-dubulo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokusasazwa okanye ukukhukula kwezixhobo zenyukliya kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Oku kuhlala kungumngcipheko omkhulu.
Kwakhona kuya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwezixhobo zenyukliya ngobuninzi, kwaye konke ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zenyukliya ngoku kukhuselwe kakuhle. Kwaye iinqanawa zemithwalo azikhuselekanga kakhulu kwaye zityelela amazwe anenkathazo. Hayi, iibhombu zokuqhekeka azinakwenziwa ngale nto. Kodwa ungayisebenzisa ukwenza iibhombu ezimdaka.
Amanzi olwandle alikhuselo elilungileyo ngokuchasene nemitha. Ukuba i-reactor iqala ukunyibilika, kukho inkqubo enokuthi ifake umbindi wonke kubunzulu bolwandle. Inokuxhonywa apho ize ibuyiselwe kusetyenziswa izikhongozeli ezixhotyiswe ngokukodwa. Kubonakala kumdaka, kodwa akunjalo.
Ndiqinisekile ukuba sinayo ireactor enganyibilikiyo kwindawo ethile kwibhodi yokuzoba. Ngoko le nto iya kuba yingxaki.
> Ukuba i-reactor iqala ukunyibilika, kukho inkqubo yokuntywilisela umbindi wonke kubunzulu bolwandle.
Kufuneka uyilawule kwikhompyuter enojongano lwelizwi. "Ikhompyuter, i-pop warp core. Gunyaza iJaneway Omega Seven Nine”
Zombini i-US kunye neRussia zinezixhobo zenyukliya eziye zatshona emazantsi olwandle ngaphandle kweziphumo ezibi, kwaye azinabungozi kwaye bezikho amashumi eminyaka.
> ngokuqinisekileyo sinee-reactors ezinobungqina bokunyibilika kwibhodi yomzobo kwenye indawo. > ngokuqinisekileyo sinee-reactors ezinobungqina bokunyibilika kwibhodi yomzobo kwenye indawo. > Почти уверен, что у нас где-то на чертежной доске есть защищенные от расплавления реакторы. > Uqinisekile ukuba sinazo izinto ezikwaziyo ukunyibilika kwindawo ethile kwibhodi yokuzoba. > 很确定我們在某处的绘图板上有防熔毁反应堆. > 很确定我們在某处的绘图板上有防熔毁反应堆. > Почти уверен, что у нас где-то на чертежной доске есть защищенный от расплавления реактор. > Uqinisekile ukuba sinesixhobo sokwenza izinto esingenakunyibilika kwindawo ethile kwibhodi yokuzoba.Ngoko le nto iya kuba yingxaki.
* Gcwalisa i-bur ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba kukho ingxaki * Yikhuphe ngokuzenzekelayo kwisikhephe ukuba kukho ingxaki * Gcina kwi "sarcophagus" eyenziwe ngelothe okanye nayiphi na enye imathiriyeli, apho kukho kuphela amanzi kunye nentambo yokulawula ngaphakathi/ngaphandle (kwaye nayiphi na umbhobho ngeevalve ezizenzekelayo, njl.) ).
Oku (kunye nezinye ezifana nayo) zenza ukuba ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle kwi-reactor, iwele nje ezantsi kolwandle, i-reaction iyayeka, ayingcolisi imo engqongileyo nangayiphi na indlela, ihlala i-inert ide ifike. ilungisiwe (okanye, ukuba inzulu ngokwaneleyo, ingahlala apho…). Ukuba ijikelezwe yiglasi okanye ikhonkrithi, inokuhlala apho amawaka eminyaka ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni indalo…
Ungaphinda uphumeze ngokulula umsebenzi "wokubuyisela" xa ufuna ukukhupha: * Ikhulula ngokuzenzekelayo umgca kunye ne-buoy, ngoko kulula ukuyifumana kwaye akufuneki uyikhangele phantsi kolwandle. , ngesicelo I-Aeration (okanye ngenyanga), mhlawumbi usebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwenkqubo yemichiza / ukusabela.
Ngoko ke ukuba ilahlelwa ngaphandle, ekuphela kwento omawuyenze kuku: 1. Bamba umgca odityaniswe kwibhuoy uze uyitsalele phezulu ngephenyane lokuhlangula, okanye 2. Linda (okanye ucele) ukuba iflothi ivuthe xa idada phezu kwamanzi. . umphezulu uyibuyisele
Konke oku kunexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neenzuzo ngokubhekiselele kuqoqosho lwamafutha kunye nokunyuka kwesantya, endithemba ukuba kunokukwenza ukuba kukhuseleke kakhulu.
I-reactor yamandla aphantsi eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo efunekayo apha inokwenziwa lula kwaye ayiyi kunyibilika nokuba uzama ukuyitshabalalisa. Isenokusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yebhombu emdaka, njl. njl., kodwa ukukhutshwa ngengozi kwesixhobo senyukliya kwisixhobo sokwenza izinto esinamandla okwakhiwa kakuhle kuya kwenza ukuba oku “kungenzeki” ngokulula.
Naziphi na izandyondyo zemvula azinamsebenzi – ubunzulu bolwandle obujikeleze isiza sontlitheko buya kuba shushu kancinane kunokuba bebufanele ukuba bunjalo amashumi eminyaka/iinkulungwane – oku kwenzeka kulwandle lonke ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Isixa esincinci kakhulu semathiriyeli ye-radioactive kwinzulwini yolwandle ayichaphazeli kakhulu isakhono samanzi sokuwafunxa.
Ukuba ulawula ukuyitshiza kwi-aerosol, ayisayi kwenza monakalo omkhulu kwimpilo yendawo echaphazelekayo, kwaye ayiyi kunika nayiphi na inzuzo kwabo banelishwa lokuyiphefumlela. Kodwa akukaze kube kubi kangako, kuba ii-reactors ziya kuba zincinci kakhulu-ihlabathi sele ligcwele i-radioactivity, kwaye ukusasazeka kwenani elincinane le-radioactivity kuyo nayiphi na indawo ebalulekileyo kuya kuba msinya kakhulu kungabi mbi kakhulu kunemvelaphi eqhelekileyo, kodwa kwi-radioactivity. iindawo ezincinci kwaye kwangaxeshanye kubi ngokubulala ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezilula - ukuba ufuna ngokwenene ukukoyikisa ngohlaselo olulula lwerhasi eqhumayo - ungayenza kwishelufu Land into ukuze ungalibazisi. Isikhephe kwaye ugrumbe undoqo waso ukwenza ibhombu yakho emdaka - lumka nje ngokwaneleyo ukuba uthengise izixa ezikhulu zeerejenti eziqhelekileyo ukuze ungabanjwa.
Ngokombono wam, i-fuel elula ye-marine mhlawumbi i-powders yensimbi - banendawo kunye ne-fuel to retrofit, kunye ne-metal powders inokuguqulwa ngokulula kwi-powders yensimbi ngobuninzi obukhulu, ilungele ukuphinda ifakwe i-oxidized kumbane ogqithiseleyo ukusuka kwigridi. Akukho zichaso kwiinqanawa zenyukliya, kwaye ndiyayibona imiba yazo emihle, kodwa ubukhulu becala ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko nezentlalo, kufuneka boyise imiqobo ebalulekileyo, kwaye okukhona unikezela ngezixhobo zenyukliya ngobuninzi, kokukhona ziya kusetyenziswa kakubi. umbulali ofihlakeleyo uyoyikisa ngokwenene.
"Nasiphi na isikhukula asinamsebenzi - ubunzulu bolwandle obujikeleze indawo yengozi buya kuba shushu kancinci kunokuba bufanele ukuba bunjalo amashumi eminyaka / iinkulungwane."
Ndicinga ukuba zitshona rhoqo kumanzi angekho nzulu kufuphi nonxweme okanye kwiindawo ezifana neendawo zokuloba (emva koko, izikhephe azitshoni ngaphandle kwesizathu, amaxesha amaninzi kungenxa yokuba zibethe into efana nelitye).
Andiqinisekanga ukuba abemi besixeko sasechwebeni baya kuvuya na ukwazi ukuba inqanawa ephukekileyo ikhupha ii-nucleotides elunxwemeni amashumi / iinkulungwane.
Andikwazi ukucinga ukuba zeziphi iingxaki iqela leenqanawa zenyukliya ezandleni zenkampani yabucala yorhwebo eye yagqiba ekubeni ibhalise iinqanawa zabo eCôte d'Ivoire ukugcina imali iya kuba nayo.
Ngaphandle kokuba lizike kwidelta yomlambo okanye kwizibuko ngokwalo lingekho nzulu kangako kwakungakhathali, amanzi ayeza kutsala yonke imisebe ukuze abantu bakhuseleke. Ukuloba kusenokuba nzima, kodwa ekubeni intlanzi yasekuhlaleni imele ukuba ingakhululekanga emanzini ashushu, azihlali kwiindawo ezishushu, izikhephe zokuloba azilobi apho zingekhoyo, yaye iminatha yazo ixinga kwiinqanawa ezitshoneyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ndivumelana ngokupheleleyo ne-notspam ukuba ukuba ayilawulwa kakuhle kwaye ilawulwa ngamazwe ngamazwe, iinkampani ezingalumkanga kakhulu ziya kubangela ingozi - nangona isizathu sokuba kutheni izityalo zamalahle zingatshintshwa yinyukliya kungenxa yobunzima kunye nobunzima. efunekayo ukuvelisa i-GW. Isixhobo esinokubakho… ukuyila ireactor ukuvelisa amandla ahlala eshushu ngokwaneleyo ukunika amandla iiiturbines ezifunekayo ukunika amandla inqanawa kuthatha imiyalelo yobukhulu bexesha elincinci kwaye ayizukuba sisixhobo sokuvelisa amandla omgangatho wezixhobo (ndithetha ukuba mhlawumbi, kodwa akukho mntu ungafuniyo ukusebenza nayo ayinanto yakwenza nenqanawa, okanye kule meko ikufuphi namanzi ayo)
Sebenzisa nje i-reactor yetyuwa etyhidiweyo njenge-LFTR, nawuphi na umonakalo kuyo uya kunyibilika i-cork discharge reactor kwaye iwele kwisiqulatho esingezantsi apho iya kuqina khona. Coca, yinqumle ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci kwaye uyimpompe kwakhona kwenye i-LFTR reactor. Ngokumalunga neenqanawa zemithwalo ezityelela amazwe athandabuzekayo, owu thixo wam, asithethi ngeenqanawa zempahla ezilahlekileyo, sithetha ngeenqanawa ezifana ne-Emma Maersk okanye i-CSCL Globe, ephindwe kabini ubukhulu benqwelo-moya ye-nyukliya ethwala i-Nimitz. . Abayi kwiindawo ezinengxaki, baneshedyuli exakekileyo kunye neeshedyuli kwiindlela ezimiselweyo, kwaye nenani lamazibuko anokukhonza ezi ndawo linqongophele kakhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-16-2022