Umzobo 1. Kwi-CNC yokugoba, eyaziwa ngokuba yiphaneli yokugoba, isinyithi sinyanzeliswa kwindawo kwaye ii-blades zokugoba eziphezulu kunye nezantsi zenza ii-flanges ezintle kunye nezibi.
Ivenkile yentsimbi eqhelekileyo inokuba nendibaniselwano yeenkqubo zokugoba. Ewe, oomatshini bokugoba ngabona baxhaphakileyo, kodwa ezinye iivenkile zenza utyalo-mali kwezinye iinkqubo zokwenza izinto ezifana nokugoba kunye nokusonga iipaneli. Zonke ezi nkqubo ziququzelela ukubunjwa kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo.
Iishidi lesinyithi esenziwa kwimveliso yobuninzi nayo iphuhlisa. Loo mizi-mveliso akusafuneki ukuba ixhomekeke kwizixhobo ezingqamene nemveliso. Ngoku banomgca wemodyuli kuyo yonke imfuno yokwenza, ukudibanisa ukugoba kwephaneli kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemilo ezizenzekelayo, ukusuka ekubunjweni kwekona ukuya ekucinezeleni kunye nokugoba. Phantse zonke ezi modyuli zisebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci, ezingqamene nemveliso ukwenza imisebenzi yazo.
Imigca yokugoba yale mihla yentsimbi ezenzekelayo isebenzisa ingqikelelo eqhelekileyo “yokugoba”. Oku kungenxa yokuba banikezela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugoba ngaphaya koko kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba kukugoba kwephaneli, okwakwaziwa njengokugoba kwe-CNC.
Ukugoba kwe-CNC (jonga amanani 1 kunye ne-2) ihlala enye yeenkqubo eziqhelekileyo kwimigca yokuvelisa ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokukodwa ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo. Iipaneli zihanjiswa endaweni ngokusebenzisa ingalo yerobhothi (enempawu "zemilenze" ebamba kwaye ihambise iipaneli) okanye ibhanti elikhethekileyo lokuhambisa. Iiconveyors zidla ngokusebenza kakuhle ukuba amaphepha ebesikwe ngaphambili anemingxuma, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba irobhothi ihambe.
Iminwe emibini ithi nca ukusuka ezantsi ukuya embindini wenxalenye phambi kokugoba. Emva koko, iphepha lihlala phantsi kwe-clamp, elinciphisa kwaye lilungise i-workpiece kwindawo. Iblade egoba ukusuka ezantsi ibheka phezulu, idala igophe elivumayo, kunye neblade egobileyo ukusuka phezulu idala igophe elilandulayo.
Cinga nge-bender njenge "C" enkulu kunye namagqabi aphezulu nangaphantsi kuzo zombini iziphelo. Ubuninzi beshelufu ubude bunqunywe yintamo emva kwentsimbi egobileyo okanye ngasemva kwe "C".
Le nkqubo inyusa isantya sokugoba. I-flange eqhelekileyo, i-positive okanye i-negative, inokwakheka kwisiqingatha sesibini. Ukuhamba kweblade egobileyo kuyaguquguquka ngokungenasiphelo, kukuvumela ukuba wenze iimilo ezininzi, ukusuka kokulula ukuya kokuntsonkotha ngokumangalisayo. Kwakhona ivumela inkqubo ye-CNC ukuba itshintshe i-radius yangaphandle ye-bend ngokutshintsha indawo echanekileyo yepleyiti egobileyo. Ukusondela kokufaka kwisixhobo sokubambelela, i-radius encinci yangaphandle yengxenye imalunga nokuphindwe kabini ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo.
Olu lawulo oluguquguqukayo lukwabonelela nokuguquguquka xa kuziwa kulandelelwano lokugoba. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba ukugoba kokugqibela kwelinye icala kubi (ezantsi), iblade egobayo inokususwa kwaye indlela yokuhambisa iphakamisa i-workpiece kwaye iyise ezantsi.
Ukugoba kwephaneli yesiNtu kunezingeloncedo, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kumsebenzi obalulekileyo wobuhle. Iincakuba ezigobileyo zikholisa ukuhamba ngendlela yokuba incam yencakuba ayihlali kwindawo enye ngexesha lokugoba. Endaweni yoko, ithanda ukutsala kancinci, ngendlela efanayo neshiti litsalwa ecaleni kweradiyasi yegxalaba ngexesha lomjikelo wokugoba webrake (nangona ikukugoba ipaneli, ukuxhathisa kwenzeka kuphela xa iblade egobayo kunye nendawo-to-point yoqhagamshelwano. umphezulu ongaphandle).
Faka i-bend ejikelezayo, efana nokugoqa kumatshini ohlukeneyo (jonga umzobo 3). Ngethuba le nkqubo, i-beam yokugoba ijikeleziswa ukwenzela ukuba isixhobo sihlala sidibana rhoqo kunye nendawo enye kumphezulu wangaphandle we-workpiece. Uninzi lweenkqubo zokugoba zale mihla ezizenzekelayo zinokuyilwa ukuze umqadi ojikelezayo ube nokugoba phezulu naphantsi njengoko kufunwa sisicelo. Oko kukuthi, zinokujikeleziswa phezulu ukuze zenze i-flange echanekileyo, ibekwe ngokutsha ukuze ijikeleze i-axis entsha, kwaye emva koko igobe i-flange ekhangayo (kunye ngokuphambene).
Umzobo 2. Endaweni yengalo yerobhothi eqhelekileyo, le ngqangi yokugoba iseli isebenzisa ibhanti elikhethekileyo lokuhambisa ukuze liqhube umsebenzi.
Eminye imisebenzi yokugoba ejikelezayo, eyaziwa njengokugoba kabini, isebenzisa imiqadi emibini ukwenza iimilo ezikhethekileyo ezinje ngeemilo zika-Z ezibandakanya ukugoba okuhle nokubi. Iisistim zomqadi omnye zingasonga ezi milo zisebenzisa ujikelezo, kodwa ukufikelela kuyo yonke imigca egoqweyo kufuna ukujika iphepha. Inkqubo yokugoba ye-pivot ephindwe kabini ivumela ukufikelela kuyo yonke imigca egobileyo kwi-Z-bend ngaphandle kokujika iphepha.
Ukugoba okujikelezayo kunemida yayo. Ukuba iijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo ziyafuneka kwi-automated application, ukugoba kwe-CNC kunye nentshukumo enokuhlengahlengiswa ngokungenasiphelo yeencakuba zokugoba lolona khetho lungcono.
Ingxaki ye-rotation kink nayo iyenzeka xa i-kink yokugqibela ingalunganga. Ngelixa iiblade zokugoba kwi-CNC ukugoba zinokuhamba ngasemva nasecaleni, iintsimbi zokugoba ezijikayo azikwazi ukuhamba ngolu hlobo. Ukugoba kokugqibela okungalunganga kufuna ukuba umntu ayityhale ngokwasemzimbeni. Ngelixa oku kunokwenzeka kwiinkqubo ezifuna ungenelelo lomntu, ihlala ingenzeki kwimigca yokugoba ezenzekelayo.
Imigca ezenzekelayo ayikhawulelwanga kwiphaneli yokugoba kunye nokugoba - okubizwa ngokuba yi "horizontal bending" okukhethwa kukho, apho ishidi lihlala lincinci kwaye iishelufu zihlanganiswe phezulu okanye phantsi. Ezinye iinkqubo zokubumba zandisa amathuba. Oku kubandakanya imisebenzi ekhethekileyo edibanisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-press kunye nokugoba. Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezifana neebhokisi ze-roller shutter (jonga amanani 4 kunye ne-5).
Khawucinge ukuba i-workpiece ihanjiswa kwisikhululo sokugoba. Iminwe ityibilika iworkpiece ecaleni phezu kwetafile yebrashi naphakathi kwepunch ephezulu kunye nezantsi die. Njengezinye iinkqubo zokugoba ezizenzekelayo, i-workpiece iphakathi kwaye umlawuli uyazi ukuba uphi umgca wokugoba, ngoko akukho mfuneko ye-backgauge emva kwefa.
Ukwenza i-bend nge-press brake, i-punch ithotywa kwi-die, i-bend yenziwe, kwaye iminwe iqhubekisela phambili iphepha kumgca wokugoba olandelayo, njengoko umqhubi uya kwenza phambi kwe-press brake. Umsebenzi usenokwenza impembelelo yokugoba (ekwabizwa ngokuba kukugoba inyathelo) ecaleni kweradiyasi, njengakumatshini wokugoba oqhelekileyo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, njengebhuleki yokushicilela, ukugoba umlomo kumgca wemveliso ozenzekelayo kushiya umzila we-bend line. Ukugoba ngeradio enkulu, ukusebenzisa ukungqubana kuphela kunokunyusa ixesha lomjikelo.
Apha kulapho inqaku lokugoba lingena khona. Xa i-punch kunye nokufa kwizikhundla ezithile, isixhobo sijika ngokufanelekileyo sibe yi-bender yombhobho we-roll. Incam yepunch ephezulu "yi-roller" ephezulu kwaye iithebhu ze-V-die ezisezantsi zi-roller ezimbini ezisezantsi. Iminwe yomatshini ityhala iphepha, idala i-radius. Emva kokugoba kunye nokuqengqeleka, i-punch ephezulu ihambela phezulu kwaye iphume endleleni, ishiya indawo yokuba iminwe iqhube inxalenye ebunjiweyo phambili ngaphandle koluhlu lokusebenza.
Ukugoba kwiinkqubo ezizenzekelayo kunokudala ngokukhawuleza iigophe ezinkulu, ezibanzi. Kodwa kwezinye izicelo kukho indlela ekhawulezayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiradiyasi eguquguqukayo. Le yinkqubo yobunini eyenzelwe amacandelo e-aluminium kwishishini lokukhanyisa (jonga umfanekiso 6).
Ukufumana umbono wenkqubo, cinga malunga nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiteyiphu xa uyisilayidi phakathi kweblade yesikere kunye nobhontsi wakho. Uyajija. Uluvo olusisiseko olufanayo lusebenza kwiijiko zeradiyasi eziguquguqukayo, kukukhanya nje, ukuchukumisa okuthambileyo kwesixhobo kwaye iradiyasi yenziwe ngendlela elawulwa kakhulu.
Umzobo 3. Xa ugoba okanye ugoba ngokujikeleza, i-beam yokugoba ijikeleza ukuze isixhobo sihlale sidibana nendawo enye kwindawo yangaphandle yephepha.
Yiba nomfanekiso-ngqondweni wento engenanto ecekethekileyo engashukumiyo kunye nesixhobo sokubunjwa sixhaswe ngokupheleleyo ngaphantsi. Isixhobo sokugoba siyathotywa, sicinezelwe ngokubhekiselele kwizinto kwaye siqhubele phambili kwi-gripper ebambe i-workpiece. Ukuhamba kwesixhobo kudala ukuxhatshazwa kwaye kubangela ukuba isinyithi "sijike" emva kwayo nge-radius ethile. Amandla esixhobo esisebenza kwisinyithi sinquma ubuninzi bexinzelelo olubangelwayo kunye ne-radius ephumela. Ngale ntshukumo, inkqubo yokugoba yeradiyasi eguquguqukayo inokudala ukugoba kweradiyasi enkulu ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba isixhobo esisodwa sinokwenza nayiphi na i-radius (kwakhona, imilo inqunywe yingcinezelo isixhobo esisebenzayo, kungekhona imilo), inkqubo ayifuni izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokugoba umkhiqizo.
Ukubumba iikona kwiphepha lentsimbi kunika umngeni okhethekileyo. Ukuveliswa kwenkqubo ezenzekelayo ye-façade (i-cladding) ye-panel market. Le nkqubo iphelisa imfuno ye-welding kwaye ivelise imiphetho egobileyo, ebaluleke kakhulu kwiimfuno eziphezulu zokuthambisa ezifana ne-facades (jonga umfanekiso wesi-7).
Uqala ngesimo esingenanto esinqunyiweyo ukwenzela ukuba inani elifunwayo lifakwe kwikona nganye. Imodyuli ekhethekileyo yokugoba idala indibaniselwano yeekona ezibukhali kunye neradiya egudileyo kwiiflange ezikufutshane, idala ukwandiswa kwe "pre-bend" kwikona elandelayo. Ekugqibeleni, isixhobo sekona (esidityaniswe kwindawo enye okanye enye indawo yokusebenza) senza iikona.
Emva kokuba umgca wemveliso ozenzekelayo ufakiwe, awuyi kuba sisikhumbuzo esingenakushukunyiswa. Kufana nokwakha ngezitena zeLego. Iindawo zinokongezwa, zicwangciswe ngokutsha, kwaye ziyilwe ngokutsha. Cinga ukuba inxalenye kwindibano ngaphambili yayifuna i-welding yesibini ekoneni. Ukuphucula ukwenziwa kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, iinjineli ziye zayishiya i-welds kunye neendawo ezihlaziyiweyo ezinamajoyina adibeneyo. Kule meko, isikhululo se-riveting esizenzekelayo singongezwa kumgca wokugoqa. Kwaye ekubeni umgca uyimodyuli, ayifuni ukuchithwa ngokupheleleyo. Kufana nokongeza esinye isiqwenga se-LEGO kwinto enkulu.
Konke oku kwenza ukuba i-automation ibe yingozi kangako. Yiba nomfanekiso wemveliso oyilelwe ukuvelisa iinxalenye ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngokulandelelanayo. Ukuba lo mgca usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zemveliso kunye nokuguqulwa komgca wemveliso, iindleko zezixhobo zingaba phezulu kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bomgca.
Kodwa ngezixhobo eziguquguqukayo, iimveliso ezintsha zinokufuna ukuba iinkampani ziphinde zihlengahlengise izitena zeLego. Yongeza ezinye iibhloko apha, cwangcisa kwakhona ezinye apho, kwaye ungabaleka kwakhona. Ewe kunjalo, akukho lula kangako, kodwa ukuphinda uhlengahlengise umgca wemveliso ayingomsebenzi unzima.
I-Lego sisikweko esifanelekileyo semigca ye-autoflex ngokubanzi, nokuba ijongene namaqashiso okanye iiseti. Bafezekisa amanqanaba okwenziwa komgca wemveliso kunye nezixhobo ezithile zemveliso kodwa ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezithile zemveliso.
Iifektri zonke zijolise kwimveliso yobuninzi, kwaye ukuzijika zibe yimveliso epheleleyo akukho lula. Ukucwangcisa ngokutsha isityalo sonke kunokufuna ukuvalwa kwexesha elide, nto leyo ebiza imali eninzi kwisityalo esivelisa amakhulu amawaka okanye izigidi zeeyunithi ngonyaka.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimisebenzi yokugoba yamaphepha amakhulu esinyithi, ngakumbi kwizityalo ezitsha ezisebenzisa isileyiti esitsha, kuye kwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe imiqulu emikhulu esekwe kwiikiti. Kwisicelo esifanelekileyo, imivuzo ingaba mikhulu. Enyanisweni, omnye umenzi waseYurophu unciphise amaxesha okukhokela ukusuka kwiiveki ezili-12 ukuya kusuku olunye.
Oku akuthethi ukuba ukuguqulwa kwe-batch-to-kit akunangqiqo kwizityalo ezikhoyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukunciphisa amaxesha okukhokela ukusuka kwiiveki ukuya kwiiyure kuya kuzisa imbuyekezo enkulu kutyalo-mali. Kodwa kumashishini amaninzi, iindleko zangaphambili zinokuba phezulu kakhulu ukuthatha eli nyathelo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimigca emitsha okanye emitsha ngokupheleleyo, imveliso esekwe kwikiti yenza ingqiqo yezoqoqosho.
Irayisi. I-4 Kulo matshini wokugoba odibeneyo kunye nemodyuli yokwenza i-roll, ishidi linokubekwa kwaye ligobe phakathi kwe-punch kunye nokufa. Kwimowudi yokuqengqeleka, i-punch kunye nokufa zibekwe ukuze izinto zityhalwe ukuze zenze iradius.
Xa uyila umgca wokuvelisa umthamo ophezulu ngokusekelwe kwiikiti, qwalasela ngokucophelela indlela yokutya. Imigca yokugoba inokuyilwa ukwamkela izinto ngokuthe ngqo kwiikhoyili. Izinto eziphathekayo ziya kukhululeka, zicandwe, zisikwe ubude kwaye zigqithwe kwimodyuli yesitampu kwaye emva koko ngeemodyuli ezahlukeneyo zokubumba ezenzelwe ngokukodwa imveliso enye okanye intsapho yemveliso.
Konke oku kuvakala kusebenza kakuhle-kwaye yeyokusetyenzwa kwebhetshi. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ingenzeki ukuguqula umgca wokugoba ube yimveliso yekhithi. Ukwenza ngokulandelelana iiseti zamacandelo ahlukeneyo kuya kufuna kakhulu imathiriyeli yamabakala ahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, obufuna ukutshintsha i-spools. Oku kunokubangela ixesha lokuphumla ukuya kwimizuzu eyi-10 - ixesha elifutshane lokuvelisa i-batch ephezulu / ephantsi, kodwa ixesha elininzi lomgca wokugoba wesantya esiphezulu.
Uluvo olufanayo lusebenza kwizitaki zemveli, apho indlela yokufunxa ithatha iingcezu zokusebenza ezizimeleyo kwaye zondle kumgca wokutampu kunye nokwenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo banendawo yobukhulu besixhobo esinye okanye mhlawumbi iindawo ezininzi zeejometri ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiintambo ezininzi eziguquguqukayo ezisekelwe kwikiti, inkqubo yokubeka i-shelving ifaneleka kakhulu. I-rack tower inokugcina ubuninzi beesayizi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokusebenza, ezinokufakwa kumgca wemveliso nganye nganye njengoko kufuneka.
Imveliso esekelwe kwikiti ezenzekelayo nayo ifuna iinkqubo ezithembekileyo, ngakumbi xa kuziwa ekubumbeni. Nabani na oye wasebenza kwintsimi ye-sheet metal bending uyazi ukuba iimpawu ze-sheet sheet zihlukile. Ukutyeba, kunye namandla okuqina kunye nokuqina, kunokwahluka ukusuka kwiqashiso ukuya kwiqashiso, zonke zitshintsha iimpawu zokubumba.
Oku akuyongxaki enkulu ngokuhlelwa ngokwamaqela okuzenzekelayo kwemigca egoqweyo. Iimveliso kunye nemigca yemveliso ehambelana nayo idla ngokuyilwa ukuvumela ukuhluka kwezinto, ngoko ke ibhetshi yonke kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi kokucaciswa. Kodwa kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha izinto eziphathekayo zitshintsha kangangokuba umgca awukwazi ukuwuhlawulela. Kwezi meko, ukuba usika kwaye ubumba iinxalenye ezili-100 kwaye iindawo ezimbalwa ziphumile kwimigaqo, unokuphinda uqhube iinxalenye ezintlanu kwaye ngemizuzu embalwa uya kuba namalungu ali-100 otyando olulandelayo.
Kumgca wokugoba osekwe kwikiti, yonke inxalenye kufuneka igqibelele. Ukwandisa imveliso, le migca yemveliso esekwe kwikhithi isebenza ngendlela ecwangciswe kakhulu. Ukuba umgca wemveliso wenzelwe ukuqhuba ngokulandelelana, thetha amacandelo asixhenxe ahlukeneyo, ngoko i-automation iya kuqhuba ngokulandelelana, ukususela ekuqaleni komgca ukuya ekupheleni. Ukuba iCandelo #7 libi, awukwazi ukuqhuba iCandelo #7 kwakhona kuba i-automation ayicwangciswanga ukuphatha loo ndawo inye. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka umise umgca kwaye uqale ngokutsha ngenombolo 1.
Ukuthintela oku, umgca wokugoqa ozenzekelayo usebenzisa i-real-time angle ye-laser ejonga ngokukhawuleza i-angle yokugoba nganye, evumela umatshini ukuba alungise ukungahambelani.
Oku kukhangela umgangatho kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgca wemveliso uxhasa inkqubo esekelwe kwikiti. Njengoko inkqubo iphucula, umgca wokuvelisa ikiti ungagcina ixesha elininzi ngokunciphisa amaxesha okukhokela kwiinyanga kunye neeveki ukuya kwiiyure okanye iintsuku.
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Ixesha lokuposa: May-18-2023