UGary W. Dallin, P. Eng. Iipaneli zetsimbi ezifakwe ngaphambili ezenziwe ngentsimbi zezakhiwo zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo iminyaka emininzi. Enye into ebonisa ukuthandwa kwayo kukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kophahla lwentsimbi olupeyintwe kwangaphambili eCanada nakwihlabathi jikelele.
Uphahla lwentsimbi luhlala amaxesha amabini ukuya kwamathathu ubude kunezinye ezingezo zetsimbi. 1 Izakhiwo zentsimbi zenza phantse isiqingatha sazo zonke izakhiwo ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezingahlaliyo kuMntla Merika, kwaye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yezi zakhiwo zineentsimbi ezipeyintwe kwangaphambili, eziqatywe ngentsimbi zophahla neendonga.
Ukucaciswa ngokufanelekileyo kwenkqubo yokugquma (oko kukuthi, unyango lwangaphambili, i-primer kunye ne-top coat) inokuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo yophahla lwentsimbi epeyintiweyo kunye neendonga ezigqunywe ngesinyithi ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 kwizicelo ezininzi. Ukufezekisa ubomi obunjalo benkonzo, abavelisi kunye nabakhi bemibala yentsimbi efakwe ngentsimbi kufuneka baqwalasele le miba ilandelayo:
Imiba yokusingqongileyo Enye yezinto zokuqala ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha imveliso yentsimbi epeyintwe ngaphambili yimeko eza kusetyenziswa kuyo. 2 Imo engqongileyo ibandakanya imozulu jikelele kunye neempembelelo zasekuhlaleni zale ndawo.
Ububanzi bendawo bumisela ubungakanani kunye nobukhulu bemitha ye-UV evezwa kuyo imveliso, inani leeyure zokukhanya kwelanga ngonyaka kunye ne-angle yokuvezwa kweepaneli ezipeyintwe ngaphambili. Ngokucacileyo, uphahla oluneengile esezantsi (oko kukuthi, olusicaba) lwezakhiwo ezikwimimandla eyintlango enobude obuphantsi bufuna i-UV-resistant primer kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba ukunqanda ukufiphala kwangaphambi kwexesha, ukutshotshozwa, kunye nokuqhekeka. Kwelinye icala, imitha ye-UV iyonakalisa uphahla oluthe nkqo lweendonga zezakhiwo ezikwindawo eziphakamileyo ezinemozulu enamafu kakhulu.
Ixesha lokumanzi lixesha apho uphahla kunye nophahla oluludongeni lufumileyo ngenxa yemvula, ukufuma okuphezulu, inkungu kunye nokujiya. Iinkqubo zepeyinti azikhuselwanga kumswakama. Ukuba kushiywe kumanzi ixesha elide, ukufuma kuya kufikelela ekugqibeleni kwi-substrate engaphantsi kwayo nayiphi na into yokugquma kwaye iqalise ukubola. Ubungakanani bongcoliseko lweekhemikhali ezifana ne-sulphur dioxide kunye neekloridi ezikhoyo kwi-atmosfera bumisela isantya sokudleka.
Iimpembelelo zengingqi okanye zemozulu encinci ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zibandakanya isikhokelo somoya, ukubekelwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo ngamashishini kunye nokusingqongileyo kolwandle.
Xa ukhetha inkqubo yokwaleka, ulwalathiso lomoya olukhoyo kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo. Kufuneka kuthatyathwe inkathalo ukuba isakhiwo sikwindawo ephantsi yomoya wongcoliseko lwekhemikhali. I-gaseous kunye ne-solid exhaust gases ingaba nefuthe elibi kwiinkqubo zepeyinti. Kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 (iimayile ezi-3.1) zemimandla yemizi-mveliso enzima, ukudleka kunokusuka kwindawo ephakathi ukuya kobunzima, ngokuxhomekeke kwicala lomoya kunye neemeko zemozulu zalapha. Ngaphaya kwalo mgama, impembelelo eyayanyaniswa nempembelelo yokungcolisa isityalo ikholisa ukuncitshiswa.
Ukuba izakhiwo ezipeyintiweyo zikufuphi nonxweme, impembelelo yamanzi anetyuwa ingaba nzima. Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 m (984 ft) ukusuka elunxwemeni kunokuba yingozi, ngelixa iimpembelelo ezibalulekileyo zinokuvakala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 km emhlabeni nangaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwimimoya engaselunxwemeni. Unxweme lweAtlantiki yaseKhanada yenye indawo apho ukunyanzeliswa kwemozulu kunokuthi kwenzeke.
Ukuba ukubola kwesiza sokwakha esicetywayo akubonakali, kunokuba luncedo ukwenza uphando lwendawo. Idatha evela kwizikhululo zokujonga indawo iluncedo njengoko ibonelela ngolwazi ngemvula, ukufuma kunye nobushushu. Hlola iindawo ezikhuselweyo eziveziweyo, ezingacocekanga ukuze ufumane intwana evela kushishino, iindlela, kunye netyuwa yolwandle. Ukusebenza kwezakhiwo ezikufutshane kufuneka kuhlolwe - ukuba izinto zokwakha ezifana nocingo olubiyelweyo kunye ne-galvanized okanye i-pre-peyinted cladding, uphahla, i-gutters kunye ne-flashlights zikwimeko efanelekileyo emva kweminyaka eyi-10-15, indawo engqongileyo inokuthi ingabikho. Ukuba ulwakhiwo luba yingxaki emva kweminyaka embalwa kuphela, kububulumko ukulumka.
Abanikezeli bepeyinti banolwazi kunye namava okucebisa iinkqubo zepeyinti kwizicelo ezithile.
Iingcebiso kwiiPaneli zeMetal Coated Ubukhulu bentsimbi yentsimbi phantsi kwepeyinti inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kubomi benkonzo yeepaneli ezifakwe ngaphambili kwi-situ, ngokukodwa kwimeko yeepaneli ze-galvanized. Okukhona ukujiya kotyatyazo lwentsimbi, kokukhona usezantsi umyinge wokonakala kwepeyinti kwincam esikiweyo, imikrwelo okanye nayiphi na enye indawo apho isidima somsebenzi wepeyinti sisengozini.
I-Shear corrosion ye-metal coatings apho ukusika okanye umonakalo wepeyinti ukhona, kwaye apho i-zinc okanye i-alloys-based alloys ibonakaliswe. Njengoko i-coating idliwe yi-reactions corrosive, ipeyinti ilahlekelwa ukubambelela kwayo kunye ne-flakes okanye i-flakes phezu komhlaba. Okukhona ukujiya kwentsimbi yokugquma, kokukhona sicotha isantya se-undercutting kwaye sicotha isantya sokunqumla.
Kwimeko ye-galvanizing, ukubaluleka kobunzima be-zinc yokwambathisa, ngakumbi uphahla, sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni abaninzi abavelisi bemveliso yephepha bencoma i-ASTM A653 imilinganiselo esemgangathweni ye-hot-dip galvanized (galvanized) okanye i-zinc-iron alloy sheet sheet. inkqubo yokudipha (i-galvanized annealed), ubunzima bokugquma (okt ubunzima) ukutyunjwa kwe-G90 (okt 0.90 oz/sqft) Z275 (okt 275 g/m2) ilungele uninzi lwamaphepha ezicelo apeyintwe ngaphambili. Ukufakwa kwangaphambili kwe-55% ye-AlZn, ingxaki yobunzima iba nzima ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. I-ASTM A792/A792M, iNgcaciso esemgangathweni yePlati yeNsimbi, i-55% ye-Hot Dip ye-Aluminium-Zinc Alloy Coating Weight (okt Mass) I-Designation AZ50 (AZM150) iyona nto icetyiswayo yokwaleka njengoko ibonakaliswe ifanelekile kumsebenzi wexesha elide.
Omnye umba omawuhlale ukhumbula kukuba imisebenzi yokugquma i-roll ngokubanzi ayinakusebenzisa iphepha elinentsimbi elifakwe kwikhemikhali esekwe kwichromium. Ezi khemikhali zinokungcolisa abacoci kunye nezisombululo zangaphambili zonyango kwimigca epeyintiweyo, ngoko ke iibhodi ezingagqithiswanga zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. 3
Ngenxa yobume bayo obunzima kunye ne-brittle, i-Galvanized Treatment (GA) ayisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamaphepha ensimbi afakwe ngaphambili. Iqhina phakathi kwepeyinti kunye nale zinc-iron alloy coating yomelele kunobumbano phakathi kokutyabeka kunye nentsimbi. Ngexesha lokubumba okanye ukuchaphazela, i-GA iya kuqhekeka kwaye idibanise phantsi kwepeyinti, ibangele ukuba zombini iileyile zikhuphe.
Iingqwalaselo zeNkqubo yokupeyinta Ngokucacileyo, omnye wemiba ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle yipeyinti esetyenziselwa umsebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo ezifumana ukukhanya okukhulu kwelanga kunye nokukhanya okukhulu kwe-UV, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukugqitywa kwe-fade-resistant, ngelixa kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, unyango lwangaphambili kunye nokugqiba zenzelwe ukukhusela ukungena komswakama. (Imiba enxulumene nenkqubo yokwaleka ngokwesicelo mininzi kwaye intsonkothile kwaye ingaphaya kwemida yeli nqaku.)
Ukumelana nokubola kwentsimbi epeyintiweyo kuphenjelelwa kakhulu yikhemikhali kunye nokuzinza komzimba we-interface phakathi kwendawo ye-zinc kunye ne-organic coating. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-zinc plating isetyenziselwe unyango oluxubeneyo lweekhemikhali ze-oxide ukubonelela nge-interfacial bonding. Ezi zixhobo ziye zathatyathelwa indawo ngokutyebileyo nezinganyangekiyo kwi-zinc phosphate coatings ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokubola phantsi kwefilimu. I-zinc phosphate isebenza ngokukodwa kwiindawo zaselwandle nakwiimeko ezimanzi ixesha elide.
I-ASTM A755/A755M, uxwebhu olubonelela ngokujongwa ngokubanzi kweengubo ezifumanekayo kwiimveliso zeshiti lentsimbi, libizwa ngokuba yi-"Steel Sheet, i-Hot Dip Coated Metal" kwaye ifakwe ngaphambili nge-coil coil yeemveliso zokwakha eziphantsi kwempembelelo ye imeko yangaphandle.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwenkqubo yokugquma imiqulu efakwe ngaphambili Enye into ebalulekileyo echaphazela ubomi bemveliso efakwe ngaphambili kwi-situ kukwenziwa kwephepha elifakwe ngaphambili. Inkqubo yokwaleka kwimiqulu yangaphambili inokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza. Umzekelo, ukubambelela kakuhle kwepeyinti kubalulekile ukukhusela ukukrazula okanye ukugqabhuka kwepeyinti kwintsimi. Ukubambelela okulungileyo kufuna iindlela zokuphatha umqulu olawulwa kakuhle. Inkqubo yokudweba imiqulu ichaphazela ubomi benkonzo kwintsimi. Imiba echaphazelekayo:
Abavelisi bezogquma abavelisa amaphepha apeyintwe kwangaphambili kwizakhiwo baneenkqubo zomgangatho osele zimiselwe eziqinisekisa ukuba le miba ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. 4
Iprofayili kunye neempawu zoyilo lwephaneli Ukubaluleka koyilo lwendawo yolawulo, ngakumbi iradiyasi egoba ecaleni kombambo olwayo, ngomnye umba obalulekileyo. Njengoko kukhankanywe ngaphambili, i-zinc corrosion iyenzeka apho ifilimu yepeyinti yonakaliswe. Ukuba iphaneli yenzelwe iradiyasi encinci yokugoba, kuya kuhlala kukho iintanda kwipeyinti. Ezi ntanda zihlala zincinci kwaye zihlala zibizwa ngokuba yi "microcracks". Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi yentsimbi ibonakaliswe kwaye kukho ithuba lokunyuka kwinqanaba lokubola kunye ne-radius yokugoba yepaneli eqengqelekayo.
Inokwenzeka ye-microcracks kwii-bends ayithethi ukuba amacandelo anzulu ayinakwenzeka - abaqulunqi kufuneka babonelele ngeyona ndawo inkulu ye-bend radius ukuze ihlalise la macandelo.
Ukongeza kokubaluleka koyilo lwepaneli kunye nomqulu wokwenza umatshini, ukusebenza komatshini wokwenza umqulu kuchaphazela imveliso kwintsimi. Ngokomzekelo, indawo yesethi ye-roller ichaphazela i-radius ye-bend yangempela. Ukuba ukulungelelaniswa akwenziwanga ngokuchanekileyo, ukugoba kunokudala i-kinks ebukhali kwii-profile bends endaweni ye-smooth bend radii. Oku kugoba "okuqinileyo" kunokukhokelela kwi-microcracks enzima kakhulu. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ii-roller zokukhwelana zingayikrweli ipeyinti, njengoko oku kuya kunciphisa amandla epeyinti ukulungelelanisa nokusebenza ukugoba. I-Cushioning yenye ingxaki enxulumeneyo ekufuneka ichongwe ngexesha lokwenziwa kweprofayili. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvumela i-springback kukuba "kink" iphaneli. Oku kuyimfuneko, kodwa ukugoba okugqithisileyo ngexesha lomsebenzi wokwenza iprofayili kukhokelela kwii-microcracks ezininzi. Ngokufanayo, iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho zabavelisi bephaneli zenzelwe ukujongana nale miba.
Imeko eyaziwa ngokuba "ziitoti zeoyile" okanye "iipokotho" ngamanye amaxesha zenzeka xa kuqengqeleka iipaneli zentsimbi ezipeyintwe ngaphambili. Iiprofayili zephaneli ezineendonga ezibanzi okanye amacandelo asicaba (umzekelo, iiprofayili zesakhiwo) zisesichengeni ngakumbi. Le meko idala ukubonakala okungamkelekanga kwe-wavy xa ufaka iipaneli kuphahla kunye neendonga. Iitoti zeoyile zinokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukutyeba okulambathayo kwephepha elingenayo, ukusebenza ngokucinezela i-roller kunye neendlela zokunyuka, kwaye kunokuba sisiphumo sokugquma kwephepha ngexesha lokwenziwa njengoko uxinzelelo olucinezelayo lwenziwa kwicala lelongitudinal. iphepha. Iphaneli . I-5 Le elastic buckling yenzeka ngenxa yokuba intsimbi ine-low okanye zero yield strength elongation (YPE), i-stick-slip deformation eyenzekayo xa intsimbi isoluliwe.
Ngexesha lokuqengqeleka, iphepha lizama ukucotha kwicala lobunzima kwaye licuthe kwicala le-longitudinal kwingingqi yewebhu. Kwiintsimbi eziphantsi ze-YPE, indawo engaguqukiyo ekufuphi ne-bend ikhuselwe kwi-shrinkage ye-longitudinal kwaye ixinzelele. Xa uxinzelelo olucinezelayo ludlula uxinzelelo oluthintelayo lwe-elastic buckling, amaza epokotho ayenzeka kummandla wodonga.
Iintsimbi eziphezulu ze-YPE ziphucula ukukhubazeka ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo oluninzi lusetyenziselwa ukucutha kwendawo egxininise ekugobeni, okukhokelela ekugqithiseni uxinzelelo oluncinci kwi-longitudinal direction. Ngaloo ndlela, i-phenomenon of discontinuous (local) fluidity isetyenziswa. Ke ngoko, intsimbi epeyintwe ngaphambili ene-YPE enkulu kune-4% inokuqengqeleka ngokwanelisayo kwiiprofayili zezakhiwo. Izinto ezisezantsi zeYPE zinokuqengqeleka ngaphandle kweetanki ze-oyile, kuxhomekeke kwisethingi yokusila, ubukhulu bentsimbi kunye neprofayili yephaneli.
Ubunzima betanki yeoli buyancipha njengoko i-struts ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukwenza iphrofayili, ubukhulu bentsimbi buyanda, ukunyuka kwe-bend radii kunye nobubanzi bodonga buyancipha. Ukuba i-YPE ingaphezulu kwe-6%, i-gouges (okt i-deformation ebalulekileyo yendawo) ingenzeka ngexesha lokuqengqeleka. Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwesikhumba ngexesha lokwenziwa luya kulawula oku. Abenzi bentsimbi bafanele bakuqonde oku xa benikezela ngeepaneli ezipeyintwe kwangaphambili kwiipaneli zokwakha ukuze inkqubo yokuvelisa isetyenziswe ukuvelisa iYPE ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo.
Ukugcinwa kunye nokuPhathwa kweeNgqwalaselo Mhlawumbi owona mba ubalulekileyo ngogcino lwesiza kukugcina iiphaneli zomile de zifakwe kwisakhiwo. Ukuba ukufuma kuvunyelwe ukuba kungene phakathi kweepaneli ezimeleneyo ngenxa yemvula okanye ukuxinana, kwaye umphezulu wephaneli emva koko awuvumelekanga ukuba wome ngokukhawuleza, ezinye izinto ezingathandekiyo zingenzeka. Ukuncamatheliswa kwepeyinti kusenokuwohloka kubangele iipokotho zomoya ezincinci phakathi kwepeyinti kunye ne-zinc yokugquma phambi kokuba ipaneli ifakwe emsebenzini. Akufuneki ukuthetha, oku kuziphatha kunokukhawulezisa ukulahlekelwa kwepeyinti yokubambelela kwinkonzo.
Ngamanye amaxesha ubukho bomswakama phakathi kweepaneli kwisiza sokwakha kunokukhokelela ekubunjweni komhlwa omhlophe kwiipaneli (okt ukubola kwe-zinc coating). Oku akufuneki kuphela ngobuhle, kodwa kunokunikezela indawo yolawulo ingasebenziseki.
Iintsimbi zephepha kwindawo yokusebenza kufuneka zisongelwe ngephepha ukuba azikwazi ukugcinwa ngaphakathi. Iphepha kufuneka ligalelwe ngendlela yokuba amanzi angaqokeleli kwibhali. Ubuncinci, ipakethe kufuneka ifakwe ngetayile. Umzantsi ushiywe uvulekile ukuze amanzi akhuphe ngokukhululekileyo; ukongeza, iqinisekisa ukuhamba komoya okukhululekileyo kwi-bundle yokomisa kwimeko yokudibanisa. 6
Iingqwalasela zoYilo loYilo Ukonakala kuchaphazeleka ngamandla yimozulu emanzi. Ngoko ke, omnye weyona mithetho ibalulekileyo yokuyila kukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amanzi emvula kunye ne-snowmelt angakhupha kwisakhiwo. Amanzi kufuneka angavunyelwa ukuba aqokelele kwaye adibane nezakhiwo.
Uphahla olumiswe kancinci lolona luchatshazelwa kukuhlwa njengoko lusesichengeni samazinga aphezulu emitha ye-UV, imvula eneasidi, amasuntswana kunye neekhemikhali ezibethwa ngumoya – kufuneka kwenziwe zonke iinzame zokuthintela ukugcwala kwamanzi kwiisilingi, ukungena komoya, izixhobo zokupholisa umoya nakwiindlela zokuhamba.
I-Waterlogging ye-spillway edge ixhomekeke kwi-slope yophahla: i-slope ephezulu, ingcono i-corrosive properties of the drip edge. Ukongeza, iintsimbi ezingafaniyo ezifana nentsimbi, i-aluminiyam, ikopolo, kunye nelothe kufuneka zibekwe zodwa ngombane ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhlwa kwegalvanic, kunye neendlela zokukhupha amanzi kufuneka ziyilwe ukuthintela ukuphuma kwamanzi ukusuka kwenye into ukuya kwenye. Cinga ngokusebenzisa umbala okhanyayo kuphahla lwakho ukunciphisa umonakalo we-UV.
Ukongezelela, ubomi bephaneli bunokufinyezwa kwezo ndawo zesakhiwo apho kukho iqhwa elininzi phezu kophahla kunye nekhephu lihlala phezu kophahla ixesha elide. Ukuba isakhiwo senziwe ukwenzela ukuba indawo ephantsi kwee-roof slabs ifudumele, ke ikhephu elisecaleni kwe-slabs lingancibilika ubusika bonke. Oku kuqhubeka kunyibilika kade kukhokelela ekudibaneni kwamanzi ngokusisigxina (oko kukuthi ukumanzisa ixesha elide) kwiphaneli epeyintiweyo.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, amanzi ekugqibeleni aya kudlula kwifilimu yepeyinti kwaye ukubola kuya kuba nzima, okukhokelela kubomi obufutshane obufutshane ngokungaqhelekanga. Ukuba uphahla lwangaphakathi lufakwe i-insulated kwaye i-underside ye-shingles ihlala ibanda, ikhephu elidibana nomhlaba wangaphandle alinyibiliki ngokusisigxina, kwaye i-blistering yepeyinti kunye ne-zinc corrosion ehambelana nexesha elide lokufuma iyagwenywa. Kwakhona khumbula ukuba okukhona ijiyile inkqubo yepeyinti, kokukhona iya kuthatha ixesha elide phambi kokuba ukufuma kungene kwi-substrate.
Iindonga Iindonga zecala elithe nkqo azinyamekanga kwaye zonakaliswa kancinci kunesakhiwo sonke, ngaphandle kweendawo ezikhuselweyo. Ukongeza, ukugquma okubekwe kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo ezinje ngeempundu eludongeni kunye neeleji azibonakali kancinci ekukhanyeni kwelanga nasemvula. Kwezi ndawo, i-corrosion iphuculwa yinto yokuba izinto ezingcolisayo azikhukuliswa yimvula kunye nokuxinana, kwaye azibomi ngenxa yokungabikho kwelanga elithe ngqo. Ingqwalasela eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe kutyhileko olukhuselweyo kwindawo yemizi-mveliso okanye yaselwandle okanye kufutshane nohola bendlela abakhulu.
Iziqendu ezithe tyaba zokugquma eludongeni kufuneka zibe nethambeka elaneleyo lokuthintela ukuqokelelana kwamanzi kunye nokungcola - oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwii-ebbs zangaphantsi, kuba i-slope enganelanga inokubangela ukubola kwayo kunye nokugquma ngaphezulu kwayo.
Njengophahla, iintsimbi ezingafaniyo ezifana nentsimbi, i-aluminiyam, ikopolo kunye nelothe kufuneka zifakwe i-insulation yombane ukuthintela ukuhlwa kwegalvanic. Kwakhona, kwiindawo ezinekhephu elinzima lokuqokelela, i-corrosion ingaba yingxaki yecala - ukuba kunokwenzeka, indawo ekufutshane nesakhiwo kufuneka isuswe kwikhephu okanye i-insulation efanelekileyo kufuneka ifakwe ukukhusela i-snowmelt engapheliyo kwisakhiwo. umphezulu wephaneli.
I-insulation akufanele ibe manzi, kwaye ukuba iyenzeka, ungaze uyivumele ukuba idibane neepaneli ezipeyintwe kwangaphambili - ukuba i-insulation iya kuba manzi, ayiyi yoma ngokukhawuleza (ukuba kunjalo), ishiya iipaneli zibonakaliswe ixesha elide. ukufuma - - Lo mqathango uya kukhokelela ekuphumeleleni okukhawulezileyo . Umzekelo, xa i-insulation esezantsi kwepaneli yodonga olusecaleni iba manzi ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi ukuya ezantsi, uyilo oluneepaneli ezigqithe ezantsi lubonakala lukhethwa kunokuba ube nomzantsi wephaneli efakwe ngqo phezulu emazantsi. Nciphisa ukuba nokwenzeka kwale ngxaki.
Iipaneli ezifakwe ngaphambili ezifakwe kwi-55% ye-aluminium-zinc alloy coating akufanele idibane ngqo nekhonkrithi emanzi - i-alkalinity ephezulu yekhonkrithi inokugqwala i-aluminium, ibangele ukuba i-coating ikhuphe. 7 Ukuba isicelo sibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweefasteners ezigqobhoza ipaneli, kufuneka zikhethwe ukuze ubomi bazo benkonzo buhambelane nobephaneli epeyintiweyo. Namhlanje kukho izikrufu/iziqhoboshi ezinento yokugquma entlokweni yokumelana nomhlwa kwaye ezi zifumaneka ngemibala eyahlukahlukeneyo ukuze zihambelane nophahla/udonga.
UKUFAKWA KWENGQAPHELO Imiba emibini ebaluleke kakhulu ehambelana nokufakelwa kwentsimi, ngakumbi xa ifika kuphahla, ingaba yindlela iipaneli ezihamba ngayo phezu kophahla kunye neempembelelo zezicathulo zabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo. Ukuba i-burrs yenzela emaphethelweni eepaneli ngexesha lokusika, ifilimu yepeyinti inokukrwela i-zinc coating njengoko iipaneli zityibilika. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, naphi na apho ukunyaniseka kwepeyinti kuphazamiseka, iingubo zetsimbi ziya kuqala ukubola ngokukhawuleza, okuchaphazela kakubi ubomi bepaneli yangaphambili. Ngokufanayo, izihlangu zabasebenzi zinokubangela imikrwelo efanayo. Kubalulekile ukuba izicathulo okanye iibhuthi azivumeli amatye amancinci okanye i-drill drills ukungena kwi-sole.
Imingxuma emincinci kunye / okanye iinotshi ("iitshiphu") zihlala zenziwe ngexesha lokudibanisa, ukuqinisa kunye nokugqiba - khumbula, ezi ziqulethe intsimbi. Emva kokuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe, okanye nangaphambili, intsimbi inokugqwala kwaye ishiye i-rust stain embi, ngakumbi ukuba umbala wepeyinti ulula. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kuguqulwa kombala kuthathwa njengokuthotywa kwangaphambili kwangaphambili kweepaneli ezipeyintiweyo, kwaye ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa kobuhle, abanini bezakhiwo kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba isakhiwo asiyi kusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha. Zonke iitshefu ezisuka eluphahleni kufuneka zisuswe ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba ukufakela kubandakanya uphahla oluphantsi, amanzi anokuqokelela. Nangona uyilo lwethambeka lunokwanela ukuvumela amanzi asimahla, kunokubakho iingxaki zengingqi ezibangela ukuma kwamanzi. Izibonda ezincinci ezishiywe ngabasebenzi, njengokuhamba okanye ukubeka izixhobo, zinokushiya iindawo ezingenako ukukhupha amanzi ngokukhululekileyo. Ukuba i-drainage yamahhala ayivumelekanga, amanzi amileyo anokubangela ukuba ipeyinti ibe yi-blister, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ipeyinti ixobuke kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezinokuthi zikhokelele ekudakaleni okukhulu kwentsimbi engaphantsi kwepeyinti. Ukumiselwa kwesakhiwo emva kokwakhiwa kunokukhokelela kumanzi angafanelekanga ophahleni.
Iingqwalasela zesondlo Ulondolozo olulula lweepaneli ezipeyintiweyo kwizakhiwo ziquka ukuhlanjululwa kwamanzi ngamaxesha athile. Ufakelo apho iipaneli zichanabeke emvuleni (umz. uphahla), oku kudla ngokungabi yimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo ezikhuselweyo ezifana ne-soffits kunye neendawo zodonga phantsi kwee-eves, ukucoca rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kuyanceda ekususeni iityuwa ezinobungozi kunye ne-debris kwiindawo zephaneli.
Kucetyiswa ukuba nakuphi na ukucocwa kwenziwe “ngokucoca” okokuqala kwindawo encinci yomphezulu kwindawo engavuleki kakhulu ukuze kufumaneke iziphumo ezithile ezanelisayo.
Kwakhona, xa usebenzisa eluphahleni, kubalulekile ukususa inkunkuma efana namagqabi, ukungcola, okanye ukuqengqeleka kolwakhiwo (okt uthuli okanye enye inkunkuma ejikeleze imingxuma yophahla). Nangona ezi ntsalela zingenazo iikhemikhali ezinzima, ziya kuthintela ukomisa ngokukhawuleza okubalulekileyo kuphahla oluhlala ixesha elide.
Kwakhona, musa ukusebenzisa iifosholo zetsimbi ukususa ikhephu eluphahleni. Oku kunokukhokelela kwimikrwelo eqatha kwipeyinti.
Iipaneli zetsimbi ezifakwe ngaphambili ezenziwe ngetsimbi zezakhiwo zenzelwe iminyaka yenkonzo engenazinkathazo. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukubonakala kwazo zonke iileya zepeyinti kuya kutshintsha, mhlawumbi ukuya kwindawo apho kufuneka kulungiswe kwakhona. 8
Isiphelo Amashiti entsimbi apeyintwe kwangaphambili asetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwisakhiwo sophahla (uphahla kunye neendonga) kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo amashumi eminyaka. Ukusebenza ixesha elide kunye nenkathazo kunokufezekiswa ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kwenkqubo yepeyinti, ukuyila ngokucophelela kwesakhiwo kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-05-2023