Yintoni intsimbi elungileyo? Ngaphandle kokuba uzimisele ukufunda nge-metallurgy, oku akukho lula ukuphendula. Kodwa, ukubeka ngokulula, ukuveliswa kweentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nomgangatho we-alloys ezisetyenzisiweyo, ukufudumeza, ukupholisa kunye neenkqubo zokucubungula, kunye nenkqubo yobunikazi eyimfihlo yenkampani.
Ngenxa yezi zizathu, kufuneka ukwazi ukuthembela kumthombo wekhoyili yakho ukuze uncede uqinisekise ukuba umgangatho kunye nobungakanani bentsimbi ocinga ukuba uyalelwe iyahambelana nomgangatho kunye nobungakanani bentsimbi oyifumene ngokwenene.
Abanini bemitshini yokuqulunqa i-roll ephathekayo kunye ne-in-store fixed machines abanakukwazi ukuba inkcazo nganye inoluhlu oluvumelekileyo lobunzima, kwaye ukungaqwalaseli oku xa uku-odola kunokukhokelela ekunqongolweni okungalindelekanga.
UKen McLauchlan, umalathisi weNtengiso kwiDrexel Metals eColorado, ucacisa esithi: “Xa iikhilogram ngokwesikwemitha zikumlinganiselo ovumelekileyo, kusenokuba nzima ukuodola izinto zokufulela ngeponti uze uthengise ngesikwemitha.” “Usenokuceba ukuwusonga umbandela. Beka kwiponti e-1 ngonyawo lwesikwere, kwaye ikhoyili ethunyelweyo iphakathi kokunyamezela kwe-1.08 yeeponti ngonyawo lwesikwere, ngequbuliso, kufuneka ugqibezele iprojekthi kwaye uhlawulelwe ukunqongophala kwezinto nge-8%.
Ukuba uphelelwe, ngaba uye wafumana ivolumu entsha ehambelana nemveliso obuyisebenzisa? UMcLauchlan wenze umzekelo wamava akhe omsebenzi wangaphambili njengonokontraka ophambili wokufulela. Unokontraka watshintsha umbindi weprojekthi ukusuka ekusebenziseni iiphaneli ezenziweyo ukuze aqengqeleke enze ezakhe iiphaneli kwisiza. Iikhoyili abazithumela ngenqanawa zinzima kakhulu kunezo zisetyenzisiweyo nezifunekayo kumsebenzi. Nangona intsimbi ekumgangatho ophezulu, intsimbi eqinile inokubangela iitoti zeoli ezigqithisileyo.
Ngokuphathelele umbandela weetoti zeoli, uMcLaughlin wathi, “Abanye babo basenokuba ngoomatshini [ababenza imiqulu]—lo matshini awulungiswanga kakuhle; ezinye zazo zinokuba zikhoyili-ikhoyili inzima kunokuba ifanele; okanye isenokungaguquguquki : Ukungaguquguquki kusenokuba kwibakala, ukucaciswa, ubukhulu, okanye ubunzima.”
Ukungangqinelani kunokuvela xa usebenza nababoneleli abaninzi. Akunjalo ukuba umgangatho wensimbi umpofu, kodwa ukuba ukulinganisa kunye nokuvavanya okwenziwa ngumenzi ngamnye uhlangabezana nomatshini wakhe kunye neemfuno zawo. Oku kusebenza kwimithombo yentsimbi, kunye neenkampani ezongeza upende kunye nepeyinti. Zonke zinokuba ngaphakathi kokunyamezela / imigangatho yoshishino, kodwa xa ukuxuba kunye nokudibanisa ababoneleli, utshintsho kwiziphumo ukusuka komnye umthombo ukuya komnye kuya kubonakala kwimveliso yokugqibela.
"Ngokombono wethu, ingxaki enkulu kwimveliso egqityiweyo kukuba [inkqubo kunye nokuvavanya] kufuneka kuhambelane," kusho uMcLaughlin. "Xa unokungahambelani, iba yingxaki."
Kwenzeka ntoni xa indawo yolawulo egqityiweyo ineengxaki kwindawo yomsebenzi? Siyathemba ukuba iya kubanjwa ngaphambi kokufakwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba ingxaki ibonakala kwaye uphahla lukhuthele kakhulu ekulawuleni umgangatho, kunokwenzeka ukuba luvele emva kokuba uphahla lufakwe.
Ukuba umthengi ngowokuqala ukuqaphela iphaneli ye-wavy okanye utshintsho lombala, baya kubiza umntu wokuqala wekontraka. Iikontraka kufuneka zifowunele ababoneleli babo bephaneli okanye, ukuba banoomatshini bokwenza imiqulu, ababoneleli babo beekhoyili. Kwimeko engcono kakhulu, iphaneli okanye umthengisi wekhoyili uya kuba nendlela yokuvavanya imeko kwaye aqale inkqubo yokuyilungisa, nokuba ingabonisa ukuba ingxaki ilele ekufakeni, kungekhona i-coil. Nokuba yinkampani enkulu okanye umntu osebenza ngaphandle kwendlu yakhe kunye negaraji, udinga umenzi wokuma emva kwakhe, utshilo uMcLaughlin. “Iikhontraktha jikelele nabanini bajonga iikontraka zokufulela ngokungathi zenze iingxaki. Ithemba lelokuba ababoneleli, abavelisi, baya kubonelela ngezixhobo ezongezelelweyo okanye inkxaso. ”
Ngokomzekelo, xa uDrexel wabizwa, uMcLauchlan wachaza, "Saya kwindawo yomsebenzi saza sathi, "Heyi, yintoni ebangela le ngxaki, ingxaki ye-substrate (yokuhlobisa), ingxaki yobunzima, okanye enye into?; Sizama ukuba yinkxaso ye-Back-ofisi… xa abavelisi bevela, kuzisa ukuthembeka. ”
Xa ingxaki ibonakala (ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kwenzeka ngenye imini), kufuneka ukhangele indlela yokujongana neengxaki ezininzi zepaneli ukusuka kwindawo A ukuya kwindawo B. Izixhobo; Ngaba ilungelelaniswe ngaphakathi kokunyamezela komatshini; iwufanele umsebenzi? Ngaba uthenge izinto ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo kunye nobunzima obufanelekileyo; kukho iimvavanyo zentsimbi ukuxhasa oko kufunekayo?
“Akukho mntu ufuna uvavanyo nenkxaso phambi kokuba kubekho ingxaki,” utshilo uMcLaughland. “Ngoko kudla ngokubangelwa kukuba umntu othile uthi, ‘Ndifuna igqwetha, yaye akusayi kuhlawulwa.’”
Ukubonelela ngewaranti efanelekileyo yephaneli yakho yindlela yokuthatha uxanduva lwakho xa izinto ziba mandundu. Umzi-mveliso ubonelela ngesiseko sesinyithi esiqhelekileyo (i-rust perforated) iwaranti. Inkampani yepeyinti inika iziqinisekiso zokunyaniseka kwefilimu yokugqoka. Abanye abathengisi, njenge-Drexel, badibanisa iziqinisekiso zibe yinye, kodwa oku akusiyo into eqhelekileyo. Ukuqonda ukuba aninazo zombini kunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu.
"Uninzi lweziqinisekiso ozibonayo kumzi-mveliso zilinganisiwe okanye azikho (kubandakanya i-substrate okanye iziqinisekiso zengqibelelo yefilimu)," utshilo uMcLaughlin. “Lo ngomnye wemidlalo edlalwa yinkampani. Baya kuthi baya kukunika isiqinisekiso sengqibelelo yefilimu. Emva koko unokusilela. Umthengisi we-metal substrate uthi ayisiyontsimbi kodwa ipeyinti; umzobi uthi yintsimbi kuba ayizukuncamathela. Bakhombana. . Akukho nto imbi njengeqela labantu abakwindawo yomsebenzi betyholana.”
Ukusuka kwikontraka efakela ipaneli ukuya kumatshini wokwenza umqulu oqengqa ipaneli, ukuya kumatshini wokwenza umqulu osetyenziselwa ukwenza ipaneli, ukuya kwipeyinti esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokugqiba kwikhoyili, kumzi-mveliso owenza ikhoyili kunye nokwenza intsimbi ukwenza. ikhoyili . Kuthatha intsebenziswano eyomeleleyo ukusombulula iingxaki ngokukhawuleza phambi kokuba ziphume kulawulo.
UMcLauchlan ukubongoza ngamandla ukuba useke intsebenziswano eyomeleleyo neenkampani ezibonelela ngezona nkonzo zibalaseleyo kwiiphaneli zakho kunye neekhoyili. Iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo ziya kudluliselwa kuwe ngemijelo yazo. Ukuba bangamaqabane alungileyo, baya kuba nezixhobo zokuxhasa ezi ziqinisekiso. UMcLauchlan uthe endaweni yokuxhalaba ngeewaranti ezininzi ezivela kwimithombo emininzi, iqabane elilungileyo liya kunceda ukuqokelela iwaranti, "ke ukuba kukho umba wewaranti," utshilo uMcLauchlan, "le yiwaranti, umntu uyafowuna, okanye njengoko sisitsho. kushishino, umqala ukrwitshiweyo.”
Iwaranti eyenziwe lula inokukunika inqanaba elithile lokuzithemba kwintengiso. “Eyona nto ibalulekileyo onayo sisidima sakho,” uqhubeke watsho uMcLaughlin.
Ukuba unomlingani othembekileyo emva kwakho, ngokuphononongwa kunye nesisombululo sengxaki, unokukhawulezisa impendulo kwaye unciphise iintlungu ezibuhlungu. Endaweni yokukhwaza kwindawo yomsebenzi, unokunceda ukunika umoya wokuzola njengoko ingxaki isonjululwa.
Wonke umntu okwikhonkco lokubonelela unoxanduva lokuba liqabane elilungileyo. Kumatshini wokwenza umqulu, inyathelo lokuqala kukuthenga iimveliso ezisemgangathweni kwimithombo ethembekileyo. Esona sihendo kukuthatha eyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi.
“Bendizama ukuphucula ukonga imali,” utshilo uMcLaughland, “kodwa xa iindleko zengxaki ziphezulu ngokuphindwe ka-10 kuneendleko ezigciniweyo, awunakuzinceda. Kufana nokuthenga isaphulelo se-10% kwizinto eziphathekayo emva koko i-20% yenzala ifakwe kwikhadi lakho letyala.”
Nangona kunjalo, akuncedi ukuba neyona khoyili igqwesileyo ukuba ayiphathwa kakuhle. Ukugcinwa kakuhle komatshini, ukuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo, ukhetho oluchanekileyo lweeprofayili, njl. Zonke zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwaye zonke ziyinxalenye yoxanduva lomatshini.
Qinisekisa ukuba uhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo nokulindelwe ngabathengi bakho. "Masithi unekhoyili enzima kakhulu, okanye ayahlulwanga ngokuchanekileyo, okanye iphaneli ikhubazekile ngenxa yokungalingani, kuya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngubani ojika izinto eziluhlaza zibe yimveliso egqityiweyo," utshilo uMcLaughland.
Usenokutyekela ekubekeni ityala umatshini wakho ngale ngxaki. Inokuba nengqiqo, kodwa musa ukukhawuleza ukugweba, jonga kuqala inkqubo yakho: ngaba ulandele imiyalelo yomenzi? Ngaba umatshini usetyenziswa kwaye ugcinwe ngokuchanekileyo? Ngaba ukhethe ikhoyili enzima kakhulu; ithambe kakhulu; imizuzwana; isikiwe/irhoxiwe/iphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga; igcinwe ngaphandle; manzi; okanye yonakele?
Ngaba usebenzisa umatshini wokutywina kwindawo yomsebenzi? Uphahla kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ulungelelwaniso luhambelana nomsebenzi. “Kumatshini, iipaneli ezivaliweyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba umatshini wakho wokutywina ulungelelaniswe nephaneli oyisebenzisayo,” utshilo.
Usenokuxelelwa ukuba ilinganisiwe, kodwa ngaba kunjalo? “Ngomatshini wokutywina, abantu abaninzi bayawuthenga, bawuboleke omnye, baze bawuqashe,” utshilo uMcLaughlin. ingxaki? "Wonke umntu ufuna ukuba ngumatshini." Xa abasebenzisi beqala ukunyenyisa umatshini ngeenjongo zabo, unokungasakwazi ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokuvelisa.
Intetho yakudala yokulinganisa kabini kunye nokusika kube kanye iyasebenza nakubani na osebenzisa umatshini wokwenza umqulu. Ubude bubalulekile, kodwa ububanzi bubalulekile. I-template gauge elula okanye i-tape yensimbi yokulinganisa ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ngokukhawuleza ubungakanani beprofayili.
“Lonke ishishini elinempumelelo linenkqubo,” utshilo uMcLaughland. “Ngokwembono yokwenza umqulu, ukuba udibana nengxaki kumgca wemveliso, nceda uyeke. Izinto esele zilungisiwe kunzima ukuzilungisa… Ukulungele ukuma uthi ewe, ingaba ikhona ingxaki?”
Ukuqhubela phambili kuya kuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye nemali. Usebenzisa olu thelekiso: “Okwexesha usika i-2 × 4, awukhe ukwazi ukuzibuyisela kwiyadi yamaplanga.” [Iphephabhuku eliqengqelekayo]
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-14-2021